不同农田植被条件下黑土坡耕地产流和产沙特征  

Characteristics of Runoff and Sediment Yield in Sloping Farmland of Black Soil Region Under Different Farmland Vegetation

作　　者：吴限[1] 魏永霞[1,2] 王敏[1,2] 王龙 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学水利与建筑学院,哈尔滨黑龙江150030 [2]黑龙江省高校节水农业重点实验室,哈尔滨黑龙江150030

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2015年第3期101-104,111,共5页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD12B01);东北农业大学博士基金项目(2010RCB65)

摘　　要：[目的]研究不同农田植被条件下的水土侵蚀特征,为该区作物种类选择提供参考。[方法]2013年在位于东北典型黑土带上的黑龙江省红星农场径流小区内,开展了玉米、大豆、大豆—玉米间作3种农田植被条件下的地表径流和土壤侵蚀特征研究。[结果]玉米的径流拦蓄和土壤侵蚀控制的效果最好,间作次之,大豆位居最后;玉米和间作模式的地表径流分别较大豆减少了15.8%和10.7%,土壤侵蚀量亦分别减少了10.47%和5.35%。[结论]在较低降雨强度下玉米和间作的减流减沙效果差别不甚明显,在较高强度下玉米和间作减流减沙效果明显好于大豆。[Objective]In order to provide references for the selection of suitible crops for black soil areas,to analyze the rill erosion characteristics of different cropland.[Methods]The study of surface runoff and soil erosion characteristics under three different cropland planting of corn,soybean and soybean-corn belt cropping,was carried out in the runoff plot of Hongxing State Farm in Heilongjiang Province located in the northeast typical black soil belt in 2013.[Results]For the performances of runoff retaining and sediment yield control,corn performed the best,while the intercropping of soybean-corn followed it,and soybean took the last.Compared to soybean,the surface runoff decreased 15.8% and 10.7% under the cultivation modes of corn and intercropping of soybean-corn;in corresponding to the soil loss,decreased 10.47% and 5.35%,respectively.[Conclusion]The control of surface runoff and soil loss between corn and soybean-corn belt cropping was not significant under the relatively low-intensity rainfall conditions.Whereas the control of surface runoff and soil loss under soybean-corn belt cropping was much better than that under soybean in the high-intensity rainfall condition.

关 键 词：天然降雨 黑土区 坡耕地 叶面积指数 农田植被 产流 产沙 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]