延河流域2013年7月连续暴雨下淤地坝毁坏情况调查与评价  

Investigation and Evaluation on Check Dams Damaged Condition Under Continuous Rainstorm in Yanhe River Basin in July 2013

作　　者：魏艳红[1] 王志杰[1] 何忠[1,2] 于卫洁 李玉进[2] 焦菊英[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2015年第3期250-255,F0002,共7页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院重点部署项目"黄土高原及周边沙地近代生态环境的演变与可持续性"(KZZD-EW-04-03-04);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41371280);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20130204110025)

摘　　要：[目的]查明2013年7月延河流域连续出现的5次范围广,历时长,量级大的强降雨条件下淤地坝的运行及毁坏情况。[方法]对延河流域3县区15个小流域45座淤地坝进行实地考察。[结果]被调查淤地坝中35座经受住了暴雨洪水的袭击。遭毁坏的10座淤地坝中9座为已淤满变为耕地的"闷葫芦"坝(一大件)及1座新建坝。而尚未淤满正在发挥作用的淤地坝以及新旧结合的坝系大多数都正常运行。[结论]延河流域该次淤地坝毁坏的直接原因是高强度和持续集中降雨造成的超标准暴雨洪水,同时淤地坝在建设、运行和管理方面也存在诸多问题。[Objective]To find out the running and damaged condition of check dams in the five heavy rainfalls with wide range,long duration and large magnitude in July 2013 in the Yanhe river basin.[Methods]Field survey of 45 check dams in 15 small basins of 3counties in the Yanhe river basin was conducted.[Results]It was found that 35 check dams could withstand the storm and flood struck.While only one new dam and 9old check dams transformed to cultivated land were destroyed.The dams,which was still not full of silt and the dam system of the new dam combined with the old dam,worked very well.[Conclusion]The direct cause of the destroy of check dams was the over-standard rainstorms and floods caused by intense and concentrated rainfall.Meanwhile,there are many problems in the construction,operation and management of check dams in the Yanhe river Basin.

关 键 词：延河流域 淤地坝毁坏 暴雨 调查与评价 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学]