神经外科危重患者早期营养途径的探讨  

Discussion on the early nutrition ways in neurosurgery critically patients

作　　者：李伟[1] 朱权[2] 

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学第一临床医学院,太原030001 [2]山西医科大学第一医院神经外科,太原030001

出　　处：《中华临床医师杂志（电子版）》2015年第11期156-159,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：神经外科危重患者早期机体处于高代谢、高分解状态,同时伴有高血糖和负氮平衡的应激状态,机体处于一种营养不良、代谢紊乱状态,免疫功能下降,加之脱水药及大剂量激素应用,增加了感染的风险和其他并发症的机会,导致病残率和病死率升高。早期积极合理的营养支持治疗在神经外科危重患者的救治中起着至关重要的作用,目前主要有胃肠外营养(PN)和肠道营养(EN)两种营养途径。由于PN和EN和有各自的优缺点,在临床使用中难以抉择。本文将从神经外科危重患者早期营养支持的两种途径的优劣和选择进行阐述。Neurosurgery critically patients are in a state of high catabolism and stress with high blood sugar and negative nitrogen balance in the early stage, while the bodies are in a state of malnutrition and metabolic disorders, weakened immune function, which will increase the risk of infection and other complications, leading to the increasing disability rate and mortality rate when apply the dehydration medicine and large dose hormone during the early treament. Consequently, early positive and reasonable nutrition support therapy play vital roles in the treatment of neurosurgery critically patients, mainly containing parenteral nutrition （PN） and enteral nutrition （EN）. Because the PN and EN have their own advantages and disadvantages, it is difficult to choose in clinical context. The merits of the two choices was discussed in this review.

关 键 词：神经外科(学) 危重患者医疗 胃肠外营养 肠道营养 

分 类 号：R651[医药卫生—外科学] R459.3[医药卫生—临床医学]