阿尔茨海默病患者的主要照料者心理健康与生活质量的相关性研究  

Co-relationship study for the psychological states and quality of life of Primary caregivers of Alzheimer disease patients

作　　者：谭小林[1] 赵科[1] 赵晋[1] 文晏[1] 张骁[1] 彭晶晶[1] 黄杰[1] 李远[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市精神卫生中心老年科,401147

出　　处：《中华临床医师杂志（电子版）》2015年第12期19-24,共6页Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：重庆市卫生局医学科研计划项目(2012-2-2-47)

摘　　要：目的探讨阿尔茨海默病患者的主要照料者心理健康与生活质量的关系及影响因素。方法采用便利抽样方法,以症状自评量表(SCL-90)、世界卫生组织生活质量测定简表(WHOQOL-BREF)、Zarit照料负担问卷(ZBI)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、简易智力状态检查(MMSE)、日常生活能力量表(ADL)以及神经精神科问卷(NPI)作为评定工具,对192例阿尔茨海默病患者及其主要照料者进行评定,并分析其相关影响因素。同时选取60名慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者的主要照料者作对照,比较两组的心理健康与生活质量。结果 (1)阿尔茨海默病组SCL-90总分得分显著高于CHF组(Z=-9.967,P=0.000);两组间WHOQOL-BREF总分得分比较,差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.838,P=0.066),其心理领域、环境领域得分差异有统计学意义(t=4.514,P=0.000;Z=-2.209,P=0.027)。(2)月收入低、有慢性躯体疾病、照料负担重、社会支持低的阿尔茨海默病照料者较月收入高、无慢性躯体疾病、照料负担轻、社会支持高的阿尔茨海默病照料者生活质量低(P<0.05)。(3)阿尔茨海默病照料者SCL-90总分得分及抑郁、敌对得分与WHOQOL-BREF总分得分显著负相关(P<0.01),其躯体化、强迫、焦虑得分与WHOQOL-BREF总分得分呈负相关(P<0.05)。(4)社会支持、照料负担、经济收入、敌对、躯体化和躯体疾病等因素进入生活质量为应变量的回归方程(R2=0.305)。结论阿尔茨海默病患者的主要照料者心理健康与生活质量密切相关,通过加强医疗卫生服务、提升社会支持、减轻照料负担等,有助于促进照料者心理健康,并且提高其生活质量。Objective To investigate the relationship between psychological states and quality of life and theirs influencing factors of the primary caregivers of Alzheimer disease （AD） patients. Methods 192 cases of AD patients and their primary caregivers were collected by convenience sampling method, assessed by 90 Symptom Checklist （SCL-90）, World Health Organization Quality of life was measured profiles （WHOQOL-BREF）, Zarit Burden of Care Questionnaire （ZBI）, Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS）, mini-mental state examination （MMSE）, Activities of Daily Living scale （ADL） and Neuropsychiatry questionnaire （NPI） to analyze the mental health and quality of life and theirs influencing factors. While 60 primary caregivers of chronic heart failure （CHF） were as a control to compare the two groups of mental health and quality of life. Results The SCL-90 total scores of AD group were significantly higher than the CRF group （Z=-9.967, P=0.000）, the WHOQOL-BREF total score of the two groups had no statistical significance （Z=-1.838, P=0.066）, there were statistical difference in psychological, environmental field score between the two groups （t=4.514, P=0.000;Z=-2.209, P=0.027）. Quality of life of AD caregivers who with lower monthly income, chronic physical illness, heavier care burden, lower social support were lower than who with higher monthly income, without chronic physical illness, lighter care burden, higher social support. The SCL-90 total score, depression and hostility scores of AD caregivers were significantly negatively correlated with WHOQOL-BREF scores （P〈0.01）, the somatization, compulsion, anxiety scores were negatively correlated with WHOQOL-BREF scores （P〈0.05）. Social support, care burden, economic income, hostility, somatization and physical illness, etc, were got into the regression equation in which the quality of life as the dependent variable （R2=0.305）. Conclusion The mental health of primary caregivers of AD patients was closely related to t

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 生活质量 痴呆照料者 慢性心力衰竭 90症状自评量表 世界卫生组织生活质量测定简表 心理健康 

分 类 号：R473.74[医药卫生—护理学]