中国与美国、日本经济增长对比分析  

The Comparison of Economic Growth Between China, America and Japan

作　　者：白彦锋[1,2] 段琦[3] 

机构地区：[1]中央财经大学财政学院党总支 [2]中央财经大学财税研究所 [3]中央财经大学财政学院

出　　处：《创新》2015年第4期76-81,128,共6页Innovation

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-11-0748);中央财经大学青年创新团队<中国生态文明建设中的能源财政问题研究>;中财-鹏元地方财政投融资研究所资助

摘　　要：文章以探讨改革开放以来中国经济增长状况为目的,在对比分析中、美、日三国国内生产总值以及人均国内生产总值的变化状况中,发现中国巨大的人口红利以及强有力的宏观调控促进其实现短期内GDP总量的快速增长,然而囿于劳动密集偏向的经济结构,中国的人均GDP占有量仍处于较低水平。结合索洛模型,研究发现由于经济要素的差异,在短期内中国不会向美国趋同;同时,长期经济增长依赖于技术进步,中国应当从加大教育支持力度、建立完善的研发体系与激励机制、创造有利的市场环境三方面,发挥科技对经济增长的拉动作用。With the purpose of discussing Chinese economic growth since reform and opening up, the article compares and analyzes the change of Chinese gross domestic product and per capita gross domestic product in comparison with that of America and Japan. It is concluded that Chinese huge demographic dividend and macroeconomic policies promote its high-speed growth in the short time, but per capita GDP remains well below trend with labor-intensive economic structure. Based on Solo model, it 's impossible for Chinese economy to converge with that of America with different economic elements. Furthermore, long-term economic growth depends on technological advances,which suggests that education, research and development system, innovative environment may be considered in order to achieve it.

关 键 词：中国 美国 日本 经济增长 国内生产总值 人均国内生产总值 索洛模型 

分 类 号：F124.1[经济管理—世界经济]