基于GIS的SWAT模型空间数据库的建立  

Establishment of SWAT Model Spatial Database Based on GIS

作　　者：冯珍珍[1] 马孝义[1] 樊琨[1] 李忠娟[1] 余淼[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《人民黄河》2015年第7期27-30,共4页Yellow River

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD08B01);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51279167);水利部公益性行业科研专项(201301016;国家"863"计划项目(2011AA100509)

摘　　要：构建SWAT模型基础空间数据库是流域水文循环模拟的基础与关键,SWAT模型的空间数据库主要包括DEM、土壤类型图及土地利用图。以达溪河流域为研究对象,在ArcGIS 10.1环境下运用Hydrology工具集提取了流域的水流流向、汇流栅格、河网水系、流域边界等信息,建立了达溪河流域DEM,与实际流域总面积相比,相对误差满足要求;利用GIS技术对原始资料进行预处理,快捷地建立了符合模型要求的流域土壤类型图及土地利用图。同时指出,选择合理阈值提取符合实际的河网水系、准确提取洼地、平坦区域水流流向的处理、如何利用RS和GIS技术建立研究区的基础空间数据库并高效获取模型运行参数,以及人类活动影响下的径流模拟,将是今后研究的重点。Building the spatial database of SWAT model is the foundation and key to watershed hydrological cycle simulation. The spatial da tabase of SWAT model mainly includes DEM,soil map and land use map. The paper took Daxi River watershed as the research object,ex tracted basin hydrological features by using hydrology toolsets of ArcGIS10. 1 software,such as flow direction,flow accumulation grid,river network and basin boundaries. And the DEM of Daxi River watershed was established. And compared to the actual basin area,the relative error met the required precision. Through the use of GIS technology to preprocess the original data,soil type map and land use map meeting the requirements of the model were established rapidly. At the same time,Choosing a reasonable threshold to extract realistic river network,extracting the depressions accurately,processing the flow of water of the flat area,how to use the RS and GIS technology to establish the spa tial database of the study area and obtain model operating parameters efficiently,as well as the impact of human activities on runoff simulation would be the focus of future research.

关 键 词：GIS DEM 水文信息 空间数据库 SWAT模型 

分 类 号：S155.1[农业科学—土壤学] P285[农业科学—农业基础科学]