添加蚓粪和蛭石对沟塘底泥育苗基质培育番茄幼苗的影响  

Effects of the potting media produced by river sediment added vermicompost and vermiculite on tomato seedlings

作　　者：赵海涛[1] 赵雷明[1] 姚旭[1] 车玲[1] 洪启东[1,2] 颜志俊[3] 单玉华[1] 封克[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学环境科学与工程学院,江苏扬州225127 [2]江苏省五图河农场,江苏连云港222225 [3]南京水利科学研究院,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2015年第3期88-94,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31000939);国家科技支撑计划课题(2013BAD21B03);江苏省科技支撑计划(BE2012432、BN2012039、BE2013360);江苏省高校自然科学研究项目(12KJB210005)

摘　　要：以沟塘底泥为主要原料,添加蚓粪和蛭石,复配成育苗基质,研究其对番茄幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,与市售基质相比,沟塘底泥复配的基质能够显著增加番茄幼苗的叶片数、叶绿素、根粗和茎叶鲜重,显著减小根长和根鲜重,而株高、茎粗、根表面积、根体积、根系活力、根干重、茎叶干重以及壮苗指数等无显著差异。沟塘底泥与蚓粪按8∶1(体积比)混合基质中番茄幼苗的茎粗、根粗、根鲜重、茎叶鲜重、根干重、茎叶干重以及壮苗指数显著大于4∶1体积比的基质,沟塘底泥与蛭石按4∶1(体积比)混合基质中番茄幼苗的株高、根长、根表面积、根鲜重、茎叶鲜重、根干重以及壮苗指数显著大于8∶1(体积比)的基质。沟塘底泥与蚓粪和蛭石按8∶1∶1(体积比)混合的基质与沟塘底泥分别与蚓粪以及蛭石按4∶1(体积比)混合的基质总体上对幼苗生长影响无显著差异。总之,沟塘底泥可以作为基质材料培育番茄幼苗,沟塘底泥中单独添加蚓粪(8∶1)比添加蛭石(4∶1)更有利于番茄幼苗的生长发育。River sediment contains large amounts of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus,and it has the potential to be exploited as potting media. In this experiment,potting media were made by river sediment,vermicompost and vermiculite in order to investigate the feasibility of the river sediment as raw materials for potting media. And effects of the potting media on tomato seedlings were studied in a greenhouse. The results showed that,compared with commercially nursery media,the potting media produced by river sediment significantly increased the leaf number,leaf chlorophyll,root diameter and shoot fresh weight,but significantly reduced the root length and root fresh weight of the tomato seedlings. There was no significant difference in the shoot height,stem diameter,root surface area,root volume,root activity,root dry weight,shoot dry weight and strong seedling index. The tomato seedling growth indexes,including the stem diameter,root diameter,root fresh weight,leaf fresh weight,root dry weight,leaf dry weight and strong seedling index,were significantly higher when growing in the potting media made by the river sediment and vermicompost in the volume ratio of 8∶ 1 than 4∶ 1. The tomato seedling growth index,including the shoot height,root length,root surface area,root fresh weight,shoot fresh weight,root dry weigh and strong seedling index,were significantly higher when growing in the potting media made by the river sediment and vermiculite in the volume ratio of 4∶ 1 than 8∶ 1. There were no significant differences on the tomato seedling growth among the potting media made by the river sediment,vermicompost and vermiculite in the volume ratio of 8∶ 1∶ 1,and by the river sediment and vermicompost or vermiculite in the volume ratio of 4∶ 1. In short,river sediment could be used as raw material for potting media for tomato seedling nursery. It was more conducive to the development of tomato seedlings that the potting media made by the river sediment and vermicompost in the volume ratio of 8∶ 1,and r

关 键 词：沟塘底泥 蚓粪 蛭石 育苗基质 番茄幼苗 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]