施磷量对旱作区小麦产量及氮、磷、钾利用效率的影响  

Effects of Phosphorus Application Amount on Wheat Yield and Use Efficiency of N,P,K in Dryland

作　　者：张翼[1] 张根峰[1] 曹雯梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业职业学院,河南中牟451450

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2015年第7期29-31,47,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省高等学校青年骨干教师资助项目(2013GGJS-251)

摘　　要：在豫西丘陵旱作区布置田间试验,设施磷（P2O5）0、50、100、150 kg/hm^24个水平,研究施磷量对小麦产量及氮、磷、钾利用效率的影响。结果表明：适量磷素能促使小麦产量增加;施磷量在0~150 kg/hm2时,随着施磷量提高,小麦产量和氮、磷、钾的吸收量均先增加后降低,施磷100 kg/hm^2时均达到最大值,分别为5 803 kg/hm^2、146.9 kg/hm^2、18.8 kg/hm^2、93.8 kg/hm^2。施磷量增加,小麦籽粒需磷量总体提高,需氮量、需钾量先降低后增加,氮和钾偏生产力总体提高,磷偏生产力降低。随着施磷量增加,氮、钾利用效率先增加后降低,而磷利用效率下降,但差异不显著。综合来看,豫西丘陵旱作区施磷量为100 kg/hm^2时有利于小麦产量提高及氮、磷、钾的吸收利用。Field experiments had been conducted in western Henan hilly upland areas,and the effects of P （ P2O5 ） application amount（0,50,100,150 kg/ha） on wheat yield and use efficiency of N, P, K were studied. The results showed that the moderate application amount of P could increase the wheat yield ; with the increase of P application amount, wheat yield and uptake of N, P, K increased first and then decreased when the P application amount was 0-150 kg/ha, reached the highest value with 5 803 kg/ha, 146.9 kg/ha, 18.8 kg/ha, and 93.8 kg/ha respectively when the phosphorus application amount was up to 100 kg/ha. With the increase of P application amount, the P demand amount for grains increased, the N, K de- mand amount for grains decreased first and then increased, N and K partial productivity increased, and P partial productivity decreased;the use efficiency of N, K increased first and then decreased, while P use efficiency decreased,but the difference was not significant. Take together,in western Henan hilly upland area,when P application amount reached 100 kg/ha,wheat yield and nutrient uptake and use increased.

关 键 词：施磷量 小麦 产量 氮、磷、钾利用效率 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]