官方参与下清代藏族部落纠纷解决机制——基于光绪朝甘青藏区卡家与沙沟争佃纠纷案例的分析  

Government Participation in The Dispute-Settlement Mechanism of the Qing Dynasty:——A Case Study of Rent Dispute Between the Kar Family and Shagou Tribe in Gansu and Qinghai Tibetan Areas

作　　者：高晓波[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学马克思主义学院,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《西北师大学报（社会科学版）》2015年第4期67-74,共8页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"明清民国时期甘青川边藏区社会控制研究"(11XZS013)

摘　　要：晚清时期卡家与沙沟争佃纠纷是官方参与下解决部落纠纷的典型案例。从这个案例中可以考察官方参与下清代藏族部落纠纷解决机制:纠纷中发生械斗、互殴而伤命时,官方最先以"谕饬"的方式制止;群体纠纷无法制止时,官方又采用"以兵弹压"的方式协助解决纠纷;对于一些涉及到多个行政区域的纠纷案件,官方联合会审、调查,且主要以调解方式解决;官方在裁判藏族内部纠纷时会援引以前的判定标准,且会借助民间权威协助具结案件;藏族内部纠纷解决后,官方有催缴纠纷各方的赔偿款和应对其案件复发的义务。此类纠纷解决机制表现出两个特点:第一,维持势力均衡是官方解决藏族内部纠纷的基本导向;第二,藏族部落间的纠纷往往隐藏着寺院集团的利益冲突。The rent dispute between the Kar family and Shagou tribe is the typical case of government participation in settlement of disputes . According to an analysis of the typical case , it is Tibetan dispute settlement in the Qing Dynasty . When people involved in the disputes lost their lives , government managed to stop it ;When the group disputes can not be avoided , government sent soldiers to resolve disputes ;For the disputes involving some regional administrations , government set up an organization with local governments to make investigates and mediate the conflicts . After the Tibetan internal disputes were solved , government had the obligation to call for all parties making compensation in the dispute , so as to avoid recurrence of the case .The case shows two characteristics ：First ,government maintains the balance of power ,which was the basis to solve the disputes ;Second , the disputes between the Tibetan tribes were often hidden in the interests conflict of Temple groups .

关 键 词：晚清 藏族部落 争佃纠纷 解决机制 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学]