泌尿系感染患者病原菌分布与耐药性分析  

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing urinary infections

作　　者：叶昶[1] 刘小兵[1] 祝存海[1] 宋勇波[1] 王进恩[1] 

机构地区：[1]孝感市中心医院泌尿外科,湖北孝感432000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第14期3167-3169,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：湖北省科技局科技基金资助项目(2009YS18)

摘　　要：目的分析泌尿系感染患者的病原菌分布及其耐药性,以指导临床合理选择抗菌药物治疗。方法对医院2011年7月-2013年12月采集的2 401份尿液标本进行分离培养,并进行病原菌菌种鉴定和药敏试验分析,采用Whonet 5.3软件进行数据分析。结果 2 401份尿液标本检出病原菌638株,阳性检出率为26.6%;检出的病原菌中革兰阴性菌452株占70.8%,革兰阳性菌159株占24.9%,真菌27株占4.3%;革兰阴性菌对氨苄西林、头孢类抗菌药物具有较高的耐药性,耐药率均>49.0%,对亚胺培南的耐药率为0;革兰阳性菌对青霉素G、红霉素普遍耐药,耐药率均>65.0%,对万古霉素的耐药率为0。结论重视泌尿系感染病原菌耐药性的检测,有助于临床医师对病原菌的分布和耐药性进行分析,为临床合理使用药物提供依据。OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens causing urinary infections so as to provide guidance for reasonable clinical use of antibiotics.METHODS A total of 2 401 urine specimens that were collected from Jul 2011 to Dec 2013 were cultured,then the isolated pathogens were identified,the drug susceptibility testing was performed,and the data were analyzed by using whonet5.3software.RESULTS Totally638 strains of pathogens have been isolated from the 2 401 urine specimens with the positive detection rate of26.6%,of which 70.8%（452strains）were the gram-negative bacteria,24.9%（159strains）were the gram-positive bacteria,and 4.3%（27strains）were the fungi.The gram-negative bacteria were highly resistant to ampicillin and cephalosporins,with the drug resistance rate more than 49.0%,and the drug resistance rate to imipenem was 0.The drug resistance rates of the gram-positive bacteria to penicillin G and erythromycin were more than65.0%,and the drug resistance rate to vancomycin was 0.CONCLUSIONIt is helpful to focus on the test of drug resistance of the pathogens causing urinary infections so as to facilitate the clinicians＇ understanding of the distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens and provide guidance for reasonable clinical use of antibiotics.

关 键 词：泌尿系感染 病原菌 分布 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]