三级综合医院医院感染现患率调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of prevalence rate of nosocomial infections in a three-A general hospital

作　　者：尚秀娟[1] 史素丽[1] 程爱斌[1] 穆树敏[1] 李素新[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北联合大学附属医院质控办,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第14期3216-3217,3223,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：河北省科技厅科技基金资助项目(132777161)

摘　　要：目的了解与掌握医院感染现状及抗菌药物的使用,为制定医院感染监控措施提供依据。方法对临床感染控制小组人员进行培训后,从2013年8月8日0∶00-24∶00采用床旁调查与病历调查相结合的方法,填写调查表,再进行汇总、整理和分析。结果当日全院住院患者798例,实查798例,实查率为100.00%;发生医院感染19例,医院感染现患率为2.38%,社区感染227例,现患率为28.45%;感染部位居前3位依次为下呼吸道、血液及泌尿道感染,分别占68.42%、15.79%及10.53%;医院感染的高发科室为神经重症科、重症医学科及神经外科,分别占25.00%、20.83%及8.33%;抗菌药物使用率为40.35%,其中治疗用药占67.08%、预防用药占21.74%、治疗加预防用药占11.18%,治疗用药送检率74.54%。结论抗菌药物使用趋于规范,今后应加大医院感染重点科室、重点部位的专项监控,力争降低高发科室医院感染率。OBJECTIVE To understand the current status of nosocomial infections and the use of antibiotics so as to provide guidance for monitoring of the nosocomial infections.METHODS The training was conducted for the staff of the clinical infection control team.From 0∶00to 24∶00on Aug 8,2013,the questionnaires were filled out to summarize,clear up,and analyze by using bedside investigation combined with review of medical records.RESULTS Totally 798 patients were hospitalized on the survey day,and 798 patients were actually investigated,with the actual investigation rate of 100.00%.The nosocomial infections occurred in 19 cases with the prevalence rate of 2.38%;the community-acquired infections occurred in 227 cases with the prevalence rate of 28.45%.The lower respiratory tract,blood,and urinary tract ranked the top 3infection sites,accounting for 68.42%,15.79%,and 10.53%,respectively.Of the patients with the nosocomial infections,25.00% were from the neurological intensive department,20.83% were from the critical care medicine department,and 8.33% were from the neurosurgery department.The utilization rate of antibiotics was 40.35%,the therapeutic medication accounted for67.08%,the preventive medication accounted for 21.74%,and the therapeutic plus preventive medication accounted for 11.18%;the submission rate of the therapeutic medication was 74.54%.CONCLUSIONThe use of antibiotics tends to be standardized,and it is necessary to focus on the special monitoring of the key departments and key sites of nosocomial infections so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections in the high-risk departments.

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 抗菌药物 分析 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]