明治时期日本对朝“外交革新”及其对中朝宗藩关系的冲击  

The Impact of “Diplomatic Innovation”in Meiji Period on the Sino-Korean Vassal Relationship

作　　者：张晓刚[1] 国宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连大学东北亚研究院

出　　处：《吉林大学社会科学学报》2015年第4期215-224,共10页Jilin University Journal Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(12BSS016);辽宁省社科规划基金项目(L13BZS009)

摘　　要：明治初年的"文书问题"引发了日朝之间的外交纠纷,然而日本改革幕藩体制下日朝外交模式的意图并未得到朝鲜方面的回应。日本对日朝外交的革新,在外交一元化的表象之下,也存在着前近代的外交模式与近代外交模式的冲突。日本多次尝试,也无法在事大主义与宗藩关系结构下取得对朝外交的突破。以"江华岛事件"为契机,日本尝试将日朝"外交革新"与中朝宗藩关系对立起来,并最终以条约的形式,在"朝鲜独立之邦"的名义之下,完成了与朝鲜建交。日本的对朝外交革新或可视为近代东亚地区国际政治格局发生颠覆性变化的一个转捩点,中朝间的宗藩关系开始受到冲击。一方面,日本率先导入近代西方主导的国际外交秩序,并利用其为本国利益服务,从而对中朝两国国家利益造成伤害;另一方面,中朝两国相对滞后的对外观及其带来的外交政策的迟滞性,也在客观上阻碍了两国早期现代化的步伐。The'paperwork problems'caused a diplomatic dispute between Japan and Korea during the early Meiji Period,but the intention of Japan to change the diplomatic mode under the Bakuhan system did not receive responses from Korea. Japan could not achieve a diplomatic breakthrough with Korea under Flunkeyism and vassal relationship despite its several attempts. In fact,the innovation that Japan implemented with Japan and Korea diplomacy,under the unified diplomatic representation,presented diplomatic conflict with pre-modern mode and modern diplomacy mode. Using'Kanghwa Island incident'as an opportunity,Japan tried to antagonize Japan-Korea'diplomatic innovation'and SinoKorean vassal relationship,and eventually in the form of a treaty,under the name of 'the Korean independence of the state',completed the establishment of diplomatic relations with Korea. Thus,the vassal relationship between China and Korea began to be affected. On the one hand,Japan took the lead in modern Western-dominated international diplomatic order,and used it for its own interests,which caused damage to the national interests of China and Korea. On the other hand,the hysteresis resulted from the relative lag of foreign policy of China and Korea hindered the pace of early modernization of the two countries.

关 键 词：日本“外交革新” 日朝外交问题 中朝宗藩关系 云扬号事件 朝鲜开港 

分 类 号：K313.41[历史地理—历史学]