冬枣青斑病病因初探  

The Etiology of Green Spot Disease on Zizyphus jujube

作　　者：李庆军[1,2] 杨小芹[3] 梁丽霞[4] 王洪涛[4] 刘成连[2] 原永兵[2] 

机构地区：[1]黄河三角洲(滨州)国家农业科技园区管委会,山东滨州256600 [2]青岛农业大学/青岛市现代农业质量与安全工程实验室,山东青岛266109 [3]桓台县林业局,山东淄博256400 [4]无棣县林业局,山东滨州256600

出　　处：《农学学报》2015年第7期34-38,共5页Journal of Agriculture

摘　　要：为了探明冬枣青斑病的发病原因以便有针对性地确定防治方案,笔者在实验室提纯、回接了病斑处微生物,在枣园观察发病情况并进行施肥和喷药防治。结果表明,通过对病斑处进行微生物培养、纯化、回接,发现从病班处分离的链格孢菌回接冬枣上不会主动侵染,刺孔培养后也不会形成青斑。因此,冬枣青斑病不是真菌等微生物直接侵染引起。通过观察病斑在树冠和果实上的位置,发现青斑在树冠内堂发病率最高,为22.23%;青斑主要发生在果实的背阴面,占所采病果的51.73%;主要发生在果实的中部,占所采病果的41.38%,由此可初步断定冬枣青斑病可能是缺钙引起;架设防虫网架并喷杀虫剂后,发病率显著高于对照和其他处理,而杀菌、喷钙后发病率显著降低对照,说明冬枣青斑病也不是昆虫叮咬引起,而是由于冬枣缺钙等微量元素导致冬枣抵御真菌侵染的能力下降,链格孢菌通过机械损伤或昆虫叮咬的伤口侵染所致。The paper aims to find out the cause of green spot disease of jujube. Through inoculating pathogen, the author analyzed the distribution of disease fruit, spraying control and fertilization. The causes of green spot disease occurring on jujube fruit were studied. The factors related to fruit location in different parts of tree crown, different green spots on the same fruit, and the calcium content of fruits were investigated. The results showed that fruits in the middle of tree crown had higher incidence rates （22.23%） than in other parts. For green spots in the same fruit, the shade sides and middle parts had higher incidence rate of 51.73% and 41.38% respectively. The green spot organism was cultured, purified and then inoculated into healthy fruit. The result showed that the inoculated fruit was not been infected, suggesting that green spot was not caused by fungi. The calcium content of diseases fruit was significantly lower than that of the health fruit. Therefore, green spots disease might be caused by the low level of calcium or deficiency of other minor element.

关 键 词：冬枣 青斑病 病因 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]