独生子女医护人员人格特征与职业倦怠的相关性  

Correlation between personality traits and burnout in only-child doctors and nurses

作　　者：李春艳 马晓亮[2] 赵宁[3] 赵润平 安春 

机构地区：[1]河北省沧州市人民医院医院感染管理部,河北沧州061000 [2]沧州师范学院校医院,河北沧州061001 [3]河北省沧州市中心医院骨科,河北沧州061001 [4]河北省沧州市人民医院护理部,河北沧州061000 [5]河北省沧州市人民医院心胸外科,河北沧州061000

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2015年第20期37-40,92,共5页China Medical Herald

基　　金：河北省沧州市科学技术研究与发展指导计划课题(141302050)

摘　　要：目的探讨独生子女医护人员职业倦怠情况及与人格的相关性。方法对411名医护人员进行调查,包括一般资料调查、职业倦怠调查、埃森克人格问卷调查,其中,独生子女209名,非独生子女202名。分析独生子女医护人员职业倦怠情况以及其与人格的相关性。结果职业倦怠评分结果显示,独生子女在人格解体[(6.7±1.8)分]、低成就感维度得分[(13.9±3.4)分]显著高于非独生子女[(5.9±1.3)、(11.7±3.0)分],差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01);情感耗竭得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。独生子女与非独生子女医护工作者在低成就感维度的分布差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01),独生子女在该维度的低倦怠分布较低(34.4%),而中倦怠(56.0%)和高倦怠(9.6%)分布相对较高;两者在情感耗竭、人格解体维度的分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。独生子女医护人员与非独生子女医护人员在神经质人格特征方面得分差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01),独生子女医护人员得分[(12.9±1.4)分]显著高于非独生子女医护人员[(10.3±1.5)分];两组在内外向和精神质方面得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。内外向与情感耗竭、人格解体、低成就感呈显著负相关的关系(P<0.01);神经质和情感耗竭、人格解体、低成就感呈显著正相关的关系(P<0.01);精神质与人格解体、低成就感呈显著正相关的关系(P<0.01)。结论独生子女医护人员职业倦怠情况较严重,并且其人格特征与职业倦怠具有密切关系。Objective To discuss correlation between personality traits and burnout in only-child doctors and nurses. Methods 411 doctors and nurses were surveyed for general information. Job burnout and Aisen Ke personality questionnaire. Among them, only-child doctors and nurses were 209 cases, non-only-child doctors and nurses were 202 cases. Correlation between personality traits and burnout of only-child doctors and nurses was analyzed. Results Onlychild group showed significant difference with non-only-child group in depersonalization [（6.7±1.8） vs （5.9±1.3） scores] and low achievement [（13.9±3.4） vs （11.7±3.0） scores], and scores of only-child group were higher （P 〈 0.01）; there was no significant difference in emotional exhaustion （P 〉 0.05）. Only-child group showed significant difference with non- only-child group in the distribution of the low achievement dimension, low burnout distribution of only-child group was lower （34.4%）, while the middle burnout and high burnout distribution were higher （56.0%, 9.6%） （P 〈 0.01）. There were no significant differences in depersonalization and emotional exhaustion between the two groups （P 〉 0.05）. Only- child group showed significant difference with non-only-child group in neurotic personality traits, and score of only-child group was higher [（12.9±1.4） vs （10.3±1.5） scores] （P 〈 0.01）; there were no significant differences in extroversion and spiritual nature （P 〉 0.05）. Extroversion showed negative correlation with emotional exhaustion,depersonalization and low achievement （P 〈 0.01）; neurotic showed positive correlation with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low achievement （P 〈 0.01）; spiritual nature showed positive correlation with depersonalization and low achievement （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion Burnout in only-child doctors and nurses is serious, and personality traits is correlation closely with burnout.

关 键 词：独生子女 医护人员 职业倦怠 

分 类 号：R197.324[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]