金纳米棒的制备、生长机理及纯化  

Gold Nanorods: Synthesis,Growth Mechanism and Purification

作　　者：鲁闻生[1] 王海飞[1] 张建平[1] 江龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京分子科学国家实验室中国科学院化学研究所胶体界面与化学热力学重点实验室,北京100190

出　　处：《化学进展》2015年第7期785-793,共9页Progress in Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.20903106;21321063;21161130521)资助~~

摘　　要：金纳米棒由于其独特物理性质而在众多的各向异性金纳米颗粒中赢得了关注。目前,金纳米棒在纳米电子学、光学、生物医药等研究领域均具有良好的应用前景。对金纳米棒合成的有效调控直接决定着其形状、尺寸和长径比,而这些又进一步影响着金纳米棒的物理性质。本文梳理了金纳米棒制备方法的发展脉络,以模板法、电化学方法、种子生长法以及近年来出现的无种子生长法为主线,系统综述了金纳米棒制备过程实验参数调控对产物结构、物理性质的影响,详细阐述了关于单晶以及孪晶金纳米棒的生长机理,并介绍了提高产物纯度的分离纯化手段。Gold nanorods have caused much attention due to their unique physical properties. Now adays,gold nanorods have created a great promise for their use in nanoelectronic,optical and biomedical applications. By adjustment of experimental conditions,the morphology,size and aspect ratio of gold nanorod can be finely controlled,w hich finally affect the physical properties of gold nanorods. In this review,the various synthesis methods of gold nanorods,such as template method,electrochemical synthesis method,seeded grow th method and even recently developed seedless grow th method are summarized. The effects of experimental conditions on the crystal structures and physical properties of gold nanorods are discussed in detail,along w ith the recent research progress on the grow th mechanism of single-crystalline and pentahedrally-tw inned nanorods. Finally,general strategies to improve the purity of product are provided.

关 键 词：金纳米棒 制备 生长机理 纯化 晶体结构 

分 类 号：O648.1[理学—物理化学] O614.123[理学—化学]