我国道路货运企业散小组成结构的形成机制研究  

Research on Formation Mechanism of Scattered and Small Structure of China Road Freight Enterprises

作　　者：李琎[1,2] 吴群琪[1] 李晓明[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学,陕西西安710064 [2]中交水运规划设计院有限公司,北京100007 [3]陕西省交通运输厅,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2015年第7期149-152,158,共5页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

摘　　要：分析了我国道路货运需求散小的结构特征和成因。依据交易理论,揭示了道路货运行业以散小货运企业为主这一现象产生的机理和长期存在的合理性。描述了长途货运生产及其经营过程难以监督的技术经济特征。基于代理理论,解释了长途货运企业规模难以扩张的原因。从货运需求角度,分析了货主的经营策略,揭示了大宗货物运输需求难以催生大型货运企业发展的内在机制。结果表明:主管部门应该服务散小货运企业的发展,促进货运企业的合作经营,鼓励合作组织的发展,以此提高道路货运业的集约化程度。The structure characteristics and causes of scattered and small road freight demand in China is analysed. According to the transaction theory, the formation mechanism and the long-term existing rationality of the phenomenon that road freight industry is dominated by scattered and small road freightage enterprises are revealed. The difficulties in supervision of long distance freight operation and its procedure are demonstrated. The reason why long distance freight enterprise scale is difficult to expand is explained based on agency theory. From the perspective of freight demand, the owner＇s business strategy is analysed, and the internal mechanism that the large freight enterprise cannot be developed by bulk cargo transport demand is explained. The result shows that the competent authorities should serve the development of scattered and small freight enterprises, promote the co-operation of freight enterprises and encourage the development of cooperative organizations to improve the degree of intensification in the road freight industry.

关 键 词：运输经济 货运企业 组成结构 交易理论 代理理论 规模 集约化 

分 类 号：U294[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]