辽东与山东半岛土壤中有机氯农药残留特征研究  

RESIDUES OF ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES IN SOILS OF LIAODONG AND SHANDONG PENINSULAS

作　　者：朱英月[1] 刘全永[2] 李贺[1] 佟晓颖[3] 李绍敏[1] 李清波[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学环境科学与工程学院,辽宁大连116026 [2]商丘职业技术学院生物工程系,河南商丘476005 [3]大连市环境监测中心,辽宁大连116000

出　　处：《土壤学报》2015年第4期888-901,共14页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40671166;41371448)资助

摘　　要：2005—2008年在辽东半岛和山东半岛15个市县采集了265个土壤样品,对其10种有机氯农药进行了分析,研究该地区土壤中硫丹、HCH和DDT残留情况及其空间分布特征。结果表明,山东半岛土壤中硫丹残留量为6.30μg kg-1,为辽东半岛的9倍;HCHs残留量为4.82μg kg-1,为辽东半岛的1.3倍;辽东半岛土壤中DDTs残留量为45.70μg kg-1,为山东半岛的2.5倍。山东半岛α-HCH、p,p′-DDE、p,p′-DDT的检出率均高于80%,辽东半岛β-HCH、p,p′-DDE检出率均高于80%。不同种植方式,辽东半岛土壤OCPs残留量:果园>玉米地>菜地>草地>水稻田;山东半岛土壤OCPs残留量:果园>菜地>玉米地>麦田>棉田。与国内其他地区相比,该地区硫丹残留量相对较低,HCHs和DDTs残留量超过国家《土壤环境质量标准》(GB15618-2008)一级标准的土壤样品分别占样品总数的4.53%和9.05%。Organochlorine pesticides are likely to travel over a long distance in the atmospheric environment, bringing about adverse effects on human health and ecological environment. Owing to the excessive use of pesticides in the past, the detection rate of OCPs residue in soil is still quite high, though the residue in soil has so far been greatly reduced. During the period of 2005-2008, from 15 cities or counties in the Liaodong and Shandong Peninsulas collected were a total of 265 surface （0- 20 cm） soil samples, of which 151 soil samples were from the Liaodong Peninsula, involving 5 types of land use （vegetable garden, grassland, orchard, paddy field and corn field） and 114 soil samples from the Shandong Peninsula, also involving five types of land-uses （vegetable garden, wheat field, cotton field, orchard, and corn field ） . Before the soil samples were analyzed for a-and β-endosulfan, endosulfan sulfate, α-, β-, γ-and δ-HCH, p, p＇ -DDT, p, p＇ -DDE andp, p＇ -DDD with GC-ECD, they were subjected to ultrasonic extraction using acetone/petroleum ether （ 1/3, V/V ） , purification with a glass chromatography column, and leaching with hexane/dichloromethane （ 1/1, V/V） for constant volume. On such a basis, annual variation and spatial distribution of endosulfan, HCHs and DDTs residues in the soils of the studied regions and volumes of OCP residues in the soils relative to type of land use were analyzed and characterized. Results show that the residue of endosulfan and HCHs in the soils of the Shandong Peninsula was 6.30 μg kg^-1 and 4.82 μg kg^-1, respectively, about 9 and 1.3 times as high as that in the soils of the Liaodong Peninsula, while the residue of DDTs in the soils of the Liaodong Peninsula was 45.70μg kg^-1, about 2.5 times as high as that in the soils of the Shandong Peninsula. The detection rates of a-I-ICH, p, p＇ - DDE and p, p＇ -DDT in the soils of the Shandong Peninsula were all higher than 80%, while the detection rates of β-HCH and p, p＇ -DDE in the soils of t

关 键 词：有机氯农药 辽东半岛 山东半岛 残留特征 种植方式 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X592