原位聚合甲基丙烯酸盐/低温氢化丁腈橡胶的结构与性能  

Structures and Properties of in situ Polymethacrylates /Low-temperature Hydrogenated Butadiene-acrylonitrile Rubber

作　　者：张继华[1] 冯华东[1] 皂伟涛[1] 凌铭博[1] 刘小艳[1] 赵云峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]航天材料及工艺研究所,北京100076

出　　处：《高等学校化学学报》2015年第7期1447-1454,共8页Chemical Journal of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:51103033)资助~~

摘　　要：采用不同阳离子的碱和甲基丙烯酸(MAA),通过混炼和硫化过程的原位聚合,制备了聚甲基丙烯酸盐(SPMAA)改性氢化丁腈橡胶(SPMAA-HNBR).用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、示差扫描量热仪及浸泡溶胀实验研究了SPMAA阳离子种类(Na+,Mg2+和Al3+)对SPMAA-HNBR性能的影响.结果表明,随着阳离子电荷数的增加,SPMAA逐渐在SPMAA-HNBR内部形成强的离子簇结构,导致其与HNBR间的相容性变差,甚至出现大尺寸的聚集体.这种明显的相分离结构造成聚甲基丙烯酸铝(Al SPMAA)改性氢化丁腈橡胶的拉伸强度和耐油溶胀性能都低于含电荷数较少的聚甲基丙烯酸钠(Na SPMAA)和聚甲基丙烯酸镁(Mg SPMAA)改性氢化丁腈橡胶的性能.各种SPMAA-HNBR的玻璃化转变温度均未发生变化,保持了-30℃的低温弹性.因此,选择生成不同阳离子的SPMAA,可在保持HNBR低温性能的基础上,有效控制SPMAA-HNBR的性能.Salts of poly（ methacrylic acid） （SPMAA） modified low-temperature hydrogenated butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber （HNBR） composites were prepared by in situ polymerization of alkali and methacrylic acid （MAA）. The effects of SPMAA cations （Na＋, Mg2＋ and A13＋） on the properties of rubber composites were carefully analyzed by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infra- red spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and oil-swelling experiments. With the increase of cation＇ s charge numbers, ion clusters were developed in the rubber bulk which leads to the weak compatibility between SPMAA and rubber, even big aggregations generated. Various properties of aluminum polymethacrylate （AlSPMAA） modified rubber composites, including the tensile strength and oil-swelling resistance, were far less than those of sodium and magnesium polymethacrylates （ NaSPMAA and MgSPMAA） due to these structures of phase separation： Importantly, the glassy temperatures of all rubber composites barely changed neglect of the SPMAA＇ s species, maintaining the elasticity at the temperature of -30 ℃. Therefore, we believe that the properties of low-temperature HNBR composites can be well tuned by varying the cations of in situ polymethacrylates.

关 键 词：聚甲基丙烯酸盐 氢化丁腈橡胶 低温弹性 原位聚合 

分 类 号：O631.11[理学—高分子化学]