低光照强度白光发光二极管光生物安全性初步研究  

Biological safety of white light emitting diode with low light intensity

作　　者：宋向荣[1] 李雪谦[1] 高洪彬[1] 马超亚[1] 罗雪婷[1] 黄曼琪 曾玉梨[1] 钟蝶娴[1] 罗国灵[1] 李宏玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院广东省职业病防治重点实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2015年第3期251-258,共8页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(81202246);广东省职业病防治重点实验室(2012A061400007);广东省医学科研基金(A2012064)

摘　　要：目的探讨低光照强度白光发光二极管(LED)长期照明的光生物安全性。方法无特定病原体级健康成年雄性SD大鼠36只,随机分为对照组、暖白光组和纯白光组,每组12只,分别采用低光照强度荧光灯、暖白光LED和纯白光LED作为实验光源进行照明暴露,每天连续照明8 h,每周5 d,连续24周。对实验光源光生物危害等级进行评价。实验期间对大鼠进行动态眼科检查。实验结束后处死大鼠,取视网膜和视神经进行病理组织学检查,采用Leica图像分析软件测量眼球各部分厚度,采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)检查其超微结构,分别采用水溶性四唑盐-8法、硫代巴比妥酸法检查视网膜超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和丙二醛(MDA)水平。结果 3种实验光源光生物危害等级均为无危险类。实验期间,3组大鼠活动正常,体质量和饲料消耗量差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),大脑、心脏、肺脏、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏、睾丸、附睾和肾上腺的脏器系数差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组大鼠眼科检查均未观察到明显特异性损伤;光镜下视网膜和视神经可见空泡样变性,视网膜内、外核层细胞排列疏松;TEM下可见线粒体和滑面内质网的空泡变性,膜盘间隙增宽和空泡变性,视神经髓鞘损伤。定量分析结果显示,暖白光组和纯白光组视网膜、视神经的空泡变性评分值以及视网膜内核层厚度均高于对照组(P<0.05),但暖白光组和纯白光组上述3个指标分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);3组大鼠角膜、角膜上皮细胞层、玻璃体上皮层、视网膜外核层的厚度和视网膜SOD活力、MDA水平分别比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在本研究条件下,低光照强度白光LED长期照明虽未对大鼠造成全身性损害,但可导致大鼠视网膜和视神经的损害加重,导致视网膜内核层厚度增加。Objective To explore the biological safety of long-term light illumination of white light emitting diode（ LED）with low light intensity. Methods Thirty-six specific pathogen free adult healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into control group,warm white light group,and pure white light group（ 12 rats in each group）,and separately exposed to the light using low light intensity of fluorescent lamp,warm white light LED,and pure white light LED as the light source,8 hours a day,5 days a week,for 24 continuous weeks. The light biological hazard levels of different experimental light sources were evaluated. During the experiment,the rats were given dynamic ophthalmologic examination. At the end of the experiments,rats were killed,and the retinas and optic nerves were removed for histopathological examination,including thickness measurement of various parts of eyes by Leica image analysis software, ultrastructural examination by a transmission electron microscope（ TEM）,and examination of the retinal superoxide dismutase（ SOD） activities,and malonaldehyde（ MDA） levels by using WST-1 method and thiobarbituric acid method. Results The light biological hazard level of 3 kinds of experimental light sources all belonged to the no-risk class. During the experiment,rats of 3groups acted normally; the statistically significant differences were not found between the body weight and feed consumption（ P〉0. 05）,or among organ coefficients of brain,heart,lung,liver,spleen,kidney,testis,epididymis,and adrenal（ P〉0. 05 for all）. Obvious specific injuries were not found by the ophthalmologic examination among the three groups.Under the light microscope,the vacuolar degeneration can be seen in the retinal and optic nerves,and loose arrangements of retinal inner and outer nuclear layer cells were found. Under TEM,the vacuolation in mitochondria and smooth endoplasmic reticulum,widening and vacuolar degeneration in membranous disc gap,and optic nerve myelin damage can be observed. Quantitative analysis sh

关 键 词：白光 发光二极管 光生物安全性 大鼠 视网膜 视神经 超氧化物歧化酶 丙二醛 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R774[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]