液压支架用大流量换向阀振动冲击分析  

Shock and Vibration Analysis for the Large Flow Directional Valve Used on Hydraulic Supports

作　　者：廖瑶瑶[1,2] 廉自生[1,2] 袁红兵[1,2] 郭永昌[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学机械工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]煤矿综采装备山西省重点实验室,山西太原030024

出　　处：《液压与气动》2015年第5期79-82,104,共5页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：山西省科技重大专项项目(20111101025)

摘　　要：大流量电液换向阀的性能好坏直接决定了井下工作面自动化生产效率。针对该阀在使用中易出现的阀芯断裂失效和弹簧损毁的问题,利用AMESim软件研究机械限位行程和阻尼孔对换向阀振动冲击的影响。通过研究发现,机械限位设置不合理容易造成阀芯在开启阶段产生振荡致使弹簧损毁,同时阀芯与机械限位面产生碰撞冲击,致使阀芯薄弱处应力集中并出现疲劳断裂。结果显示,通过合理设计机械限位行程来消除阀芯振荡,同时控制阀芯开启时的加速距离以降低阀芯碰撞速度,减小碰撞应力。合理设计主阀控制腔前端的阻尼孔直径,能在保证阀芯响应速度的前提下进一步大幅减小阀芯与机械限位面的碰撞速度,从而降低碰撞力。The characteristics of the large flow directional valve decide the production efficiency of the working face in the coal mine. As the valve and the spring are easy to get damaged,we investigate the influences of the mechanical stop and the damping diameter on the shock and vibration of the valve by using AMESim. It is found that the unreasonable design of the mechanical stop causes the vibration of the valve in the opening process,so the spring is easy to get damaged. At the meantime,the valve spool collides with the mechanical stop when it opens,and then the weak area of the valve is easy to fracture due to the stress concentration resulted from mechanical shock. Results show that a reasonable design of the mechanical stop length can eliminate the vibration of the spool. The collision velocity can also be decreased through decrease of the acceleration distance to reduce the collision stress of the valve. What＇s more,a suitable design of damping diameter ahead of the control chamber can substantially decrease the collision velocity to reduce the collision stress without affecting the response speed of the valve.

关 键 词：液压支架 电液换向阀 机械限位 振动冲击 

分 类 号：TH137.52[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]