异樟叶精油及其主成分含量的动态变化研究  

Dynamic changes of essential oil and main components from isonerolidol type leaves

作　　者：胡文杰[1,2] 江香梅[1] 杨海宽[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省林业科学院国家林业局樟树工程技术研究中心,江西南昌330032 [2]井冈山大学生命科学学院,江西吉安343009

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第4期407-411,共5页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201004073);江西省科技创新"六个一"工程重大科技专项(2010AZX00500)

摘　　要：为提高异樟叶精油及其主成分的利用率,确定最佳采收期,对不同生长月份的异樟叶精油及其主成分含量进行检测和动态变化规律分析。结果表明:不同生长月份间的异樟叶平均含油量差异极显著,变化规律为3—9月逐渐增加,9月异樟叶平均含油量最高,9月后至下一个生长期到来之前的1月,异樟叶平均含油量呈下降的趋势,9月为最佳采收期;叶精油9种主成分中匙叶桉油烯醇和石竹烯氧化物2种主成分相对含量在不同月份差异没有统计学意义,异–橙花叔醇、1,8–桉叶油醇、α–松油醇、甲基丁香酚、异丁香酚甲醚、桧稀和三甲基–2–丁烯酸环丁酯7种主成分相对含量不同月份间存在极显著差异,若分别以这7种主成分相对含量为目标对采收期进行选择,异–橙花叔醇的采收期为5—7月,三甲基–2–丁烯酸环丁酯的采收期为11月,1,8–桉叶油醇的采收期为1月,异丁香酚甲醚的采收期为3月,α–松油醇的采收期为5月,甲基丁香酚和桧烯的采收期分别为1月和3月。In order to raise utilization ratio of the essential oil and main components from isonerolidol type leaves, and determine the optimum harvesting time of leaves, dynamic change rule of the essential oil and main components contents during different months from isonerolidol type leaves were tested and analyzed. Results indicated that there were significant differences in the average of oil content in isonerolidol type leaves from different months, the variation trend of average oil yield in isonerolidol type leaves was gradually ascending from March to September, then gradually declining till the next growth period of January. Therefore, September was the best harvesting time for the oil; However, the contents of isonerolidol, 1,8-cineole, α-terpineol, methyl eugenol, methyl isoeugenol,sabinen, and 3-methyl-2- butenoicacid cyclobutyl ester in the oil of isonerolidol type leaves were significant difference between the different months, except for spatulenol and caryophyllene. The best harvesting time for isonerolidol, 3-Methyl-2- Butenoicacid, cyclobutyl ester, 1,8-cineole, methyl isoeugenol, α-terpineol, methyl eugenol and sabinen was from May to July, in November, in January, in March, in May, in January and March, respectively.

关 键 词：异樟 叶精油 主成分 采收期 

分 类 号：S792.230.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]