安徽省某蓄电池厂铅作业工人心血管系统功能变化的现况研究  

Effects of cardiovascular status among workers occupational exposed to lead in Anhui Province

作　　者：林超[1] 任静朝[2] 黄靖雯[3] 张光辉[3,2] 吴含恬 郝鹏飞[4] 李志春[2] 程周祥[1] 吕建萍[1] 夏昭林[3] 

机构地区：[1]芜湖市疾病预防控制中心,安徽芜湖241000 [2]新乡医学院公共卫生学院,河南新乡453003 [3]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032 [4]新乡市疾病预防控制中心,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2015年第4期246-249,共4页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(J1210041)

摘　　要：目的探讨铅接触对作业工人血压和心脏传导功能的影响。方法对630名研究对象(522名铅作业工人为接触组,108名后勤和管理人员为对照组)进行职业健康检查,应用微分电位溶出法(PbUDPSA法)测定血铅的浓度;采用原子吸收光谱法检测工作场所空气中铅尘、铅烟浓度,并根据接触时间和工龄计算每个工人的累积接触剂量,分析血压异常和心电图异常与铅接触的关系。结果铅作业工人外周血铅浓度为(471.3±184.6)mg/m3,高于对照组的(193.3±87.0)mg/m3,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经多重线性回归分析,环境铅的接触剂量与血铅存在剂量-反应关系(P<0.05);未发现不同累积铅浓度组和血铅浓度组血压异常率存在差异(P>0.05);各累积接触剂量组和对照组心电图异常率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);心电图异常率随血铅浓度的升高逐渐升高。结论铅可导致心电图的异常,影响心脏传导功能,但还需要进一步深入研究。Objective To investigate the effects of lead exposure on functions of blood pressure and heart conduction. Methods 630 workers（522 lead-exposed workers, 108 logistics and management personnel as control）were recruited in Anhui Province. The air lead concentration was detected by atomic absorption spectrometry. Differential Potentiometric Stripping Analysis（PbU-DPSA）was used to measure blood lead. The relationship between abnormal blood pressure and electrocardiogram, and lead exposure was analyzed. Results The lead concentration in peripheral blood in the exposed workers （471.3 ± 184. 6 mg/m3） were higher than that of the control group （193.3±87 mg/m3）, the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the blood lead increased with the increasing exposure dose of lead （P 〈0. 05）. There was no difference of abnormal blood pressure among the control and the different lead exposed groups（P〉0.05）. The electrocardiographic abnormality in exposed groups was higher than control, and increased with the increasing of lead exposure（P〈0. 05）. Conclusions This study confirms that lead may affect cardiac conduction function, resulting in abnormal electrocardiogram, but further study is still needed to verify the results.

关 键 词：铅 血铅 血压 心电图 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生]