冶炼工人尿形态砷与健康效应的关系  

The relationship between levels of urinary morphology arsenic and health effects of smeltery workers

作　　者：梁启荣[1] 覃然 覃利梅[1] 张振明[1] 麦志丹[1] 李小萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区职业病防治研究院,广西南宁530021 [2]广西出入境检验检疫局,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《工业卫生与职业病》2015年第4期263-268,共6页Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：广西医疗卫生重点科研课题项目(合同编号:重2011022)

摘　　要：目的通过冶炼工人尿总砷(TAs)和尿形态砷水平测定分析,探讨体内砷代谢产物与某些健康效应的关系。方法选择2家有色金属冶炼厂(铅冶炼、锡冶炼各1家)工人(暴露组)137人为研究对象,其中铅冶炼组40人,锡冶炼组97人。不接触砷的小学教师42人为对照组。测定尿总砷及尿形态砷,并进行健康监护。还检测了作业场所环境中砷化合物浓度。结果锡、铅两冶炼厂岗位平均砷化合物浓度分别为0.52和0.20mg/m3,超过职业卫生标准。暴露组的TAs、二甲基砷酸盐(DMA)含量与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。暴露组及对照组尿中形态砷均以DMA为主,占形态砷含量的90%以上。车间空气中的砷尘浓度与工人尿总砷、DMA呈正相关关系。随着总砷、DMA浓度的升高,转氨酶升高、血红细胞下降、肝脏B超及心电图异常检出率也呈升高趋势。结论随着接触砷浓度增高,工人体内总砷、DMA随之增高,砷及形态砷(特别是DMA)对肝脏、心脏、红细胞等影响作用越明显。Objective To investigate the relationship between arsenic metabolic products and certain kind of health effects through analyzing TAs and the levels of urinary morphology arsenic in smeltery workers. Methods 137 workers（exposed group）from 2 non-ferrous metals smelting factory（1 lead smeltery and 1 tin smeltery separately）were chosen as the research object. 40 of them were from lead smeltery and 97 of them were from tin smeltery. Control group were 42 teachers from no arsenic contacts primary school. TAs （total arsenic in urine） and the levels of urinary morphology arsenic were measured, and their health was examined in the research objects. Their working environment＇s concentration of arsenic compounds was determined too. Results The concentration of the arsenic compounds from two smelting factories in the exposed group were 0. 52 mg/m3 and 0.20 mg/ma, respectively, higher than the national occupational health standards. There was a statistical difference between the TAs and DMA in the exposed group and the control group（P〈0. 01）. The main arsenic speciation was DMA（di-methyl arsenate） both in the exposed and the control groups and it reached 90% of the urinary morphology content. A positive correlation was found between the concentration of the arsenic compounds in the air of workshop and TAs and DMA in the arsenic exposure workers. It was showed that aminopherase increased, red blood cell declined, and abnormal detection rate of liver b- ultrasound and electrocardiogram increased with the increasing of TAs and DMA. Conclusions Total arsenic and DMA of workers increased when exposure to higher arsenic concentration. Arsenic speciation（especially DMA）had obvious adverse effect on workers liver, heart, kidney and red blood cell.

关 键 词：砷/尿 砷甲基化 形态分析 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]