贵州乌蒙烟区气候特征及其对烟叶化学成分的影响  

Analysis of climate factors and their influence on the chemical components of flue-cured tobacco leaves from Wumeng tobacco-growing areas in Guizhou Province

作　　者：刘炳清[1] 翟欣 许自成[1] 杨双剑 陈雪 黄化刚 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,河南郑州450002 [2]贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2015年第3期113-118,共6页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：中国烟草总公司贵州省烟草公司重点科技攻关项目(GY2012-06)

摘　　要：为了探讨贵州乌蒙烟区气候因素对烟叶化学成分的影响,利用烟区的气候因素资料以及烟叶化学成分数据,分析了烟区的气候特点及其与烟叶化学成分的关系.结果表明:贵州乌蒙烟区大田期均温为17.49℃,大田期日照时数平均为606.91h,大田期降雨量为831.90mm;烟叶化学成分表现为总糖、还原糖较高,烟碱、总氮、蛋白质含量较适宜,烟叶吸味淡,刺激味较轻,钾氯比值平均为6.90;相关分析表明,温度对烟叶化学成分的影响最大,各生育期温度与总糖、还原糖含量呈负相关关系,与烟碱、总氮、蛋白质含量呈正相关关系;旺长期和成熟期日照时数的多少对烟叶糖类物质、钾含量以及含氮化合物的积累也存在较大程度地影响;降水条件对烟叶化学成分的影响相对较小.In order to study the influence of climate factors of Wumeng tobacco-growing areas,Guizhou Province,on chemical components of flue-cured tobacco leaves,using the meteorological data and the data of chemical components,climate factors and their correlation with chemical components of flue-cured tobacco leaves were analyzed.The results showed that average temprature during field period was 17.49 ℃,the mean of total sunshine hours during field period was 606.91 hand the mean of total precipitation during field period reached to 831.90 mm.Tobacco leaves in the areas had higher contents of total sugar,reducing sugar and nicotine,total nitrogen and protein contents were more appropriate.They also had less offensive and irritating odor.The average ratio of K＋/Cl-in tobacco leaves was 6.90.Correlation analysis indicated that the influence of temperature on chemical components in tobacco leaves was the strongest.In all the growth stages,temperatures were negatively correlated with total sugar and reducing sugar,while they were positively related to the contents of nicotine,total nitrogen and protein.Sunshine durations during thevigorous growth stage and maturing period had a larger influence on sugar,potassium content and accumulation of nitrogen compounds in tobacco leaves.The influence of precipitation condition on the chemical components of tobacco leaves was relatively week.

关 键 词：烤烟 贵州乌蒙烟区 气候因素 化学成分 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]