微铣削切削力特性及表面质量的实验研究  

Experimental Research on Cutting Force Characteristics and Surface Quality in Micro-Milling

作　　者：刘婷[1] 徐宗伟[1] 曹克雄 兀伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室(天津大学),天津300072

出　　处：《纳米技术与精密工程》2015年第4期258-263,共6页Nanotechnology and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50935001)

摘　　要：为了研究微铣削加工过程中切削用量对切削力的影响规律及加工质量,采用直径150μm的硬质合金微铣刀进行了微铣削加工实验.一方面,采用单因素实验方法,研究了铣削微槽时主轴转速、轴向切削深度和每齿进给量对切削力的影响规律,实验发现主轴转速和轴向切削深度是影响切削力的重要因素,而每齿进给量的影响最小.以每齿进给量与切削刃刃口半径的比值fz/Re为变量,研究了切削比能的尺寸效应现象,发现随着fz/Re的减小,切削比能增大,当fz/Re<1.0以后,切削比能急剧增大.另一方面,从毛刺宽度和表面粗糙度两个方面研究了fz/Re对微铣削加工质量的影响规律,其结果表现出明显的尺寸效应现象,随着每齿进给量的的减小,毛刺宽度和表面粗糙度均先减小后增大.当fz/Re=0.5时毛刺最小;当fz/Re=1.0时,表面粗糙度最小.本研究可以为实际加工中合理选择切削用量以及分析微铣削尺寸效应现象提供理论依据.To study the effect of milling parameters on cutting forces and surface quality in micro-milling, a number of experiments were carried out with a carbide micro-milling cutter of 150 μm in diameter. Firstly, the effects of spindle speed, axial cutting depth and feed per tooth on cutting forces were investi- gated. Results show that spindle speed and axial cutting depth exert more significant effect than feed per tooth. In addition, the specific cutting energy in micro-milling was observed by studying the effect of the ratio of feed per tooth to the cutting edge radius fz/Ro. Results show that with the decrease of fz/Re, the specific cutting energy increased. When the ratio was less than 1.0, the specific cutting energy increased sharply. Secondly, the effects of fz/Re on the burr size and surface roughness were explored. Results show that with the decrease of feed per tooth, the burr size and surface roughness both decreased first and then increased. The burr size reached its minimum whenfz/Re was 0. 5 ; when fzRe was 1. 0, the surface roughness reached its minimum. The result help choosing proper milling parameters in micro-milling in actual production.

关 键 词：微铣削 尺寸效应 切削力 毛刺 表面粗糙度 

分 类 号：TG54[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]