利用AquaCrop模型模拟旱作覆膜春玉米耗水和产量  

Simulating Water Use and Yield of Film Mulched Maize with AquaCrop Model

作　　者：刘琦[1] 龚道枝[1] 郝卫平[1] 王罕博[1] 高翔[1] 梅旭荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所作物高效用水与抗灾减损国家工程实验室/农业部旱作节水农业重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2015年第6期54-61,共8页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51179194);国家863计划课题(2011AA100501;2011AA100503);国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD09B01)

摘　　要：为检验AquaCrop模型在晋中地区作物生产力模拟效果，于2011-2013年在农业部寿阳旱作农业与环境野外科学观测试验站进行了覆膜和露地春玉米种植对比试验。首先，利用2013年大田数据对模型进行参数校正和率定，使产量、地上生物量模拟值与实测值的相对误差均在5％以内；然后，利用20112012年大田数据验证模型；最后，对模型参数进行敏感性分析。结果表明，AquaCrop模型能较好地模拟0～120cm土壤含水率、农田蒸散和冠层覆盖度（CC）的动态变化，其模拟值和实测值间相关的决定系数（R2）分别高于0．86、0．86和0．96，均方根误差值（RMSE）分别小于0．92％、0．88mm／d和9．78％，模型性能指数（EF）分别在0．51～0．86、0．43～0．76和0．92～0．99之间。不同处理的最终生物量和经济产量模拟值与实测值的相对误差分别为2．83％～4．42％和3．13％～9．58％。模型敏感分析显示，达到最大冠层覆盖度CCx时间、冠层衰老时间、开花日期、凋萎系数、田间持水率和土壤初始含水率为敏感参数，相对敏感度在0．13～0．58之间变化。该模型能较好地模拟寿阳地区旱作覆膜春玉米的耗水、生长和产量形成过程。AquaCrop is a crop growth model driven by soil water availability. In order to evaluate its appli- cability in Jinzhong region in Shanxi Province, the contrast experiments on rainfed spring maize were con- ducted during three growing seasons from 2011 to 2013 at the Shouyang Dryland Agricultural Experiment Station of Ministry of Agriculture of China. Two treatments were designed as plastic film mulching and non--mulching. AquaCrop model was calibrated with the measured data in 2013. The relative errors were less than 5 % between the measured and predicted values of yields and aboveground biomass. The other da- ta in 2011 and 2013 were used to verify the calibrated model. Finally, the one-at-a-time （OTA） method was adopted to analyze sensitivities of model parameter. The results showed that AquaCrop model could simulate well the dynamics of soil water content, evaportranspiration and canopy cover. The determination coefficients of the correlation （R2） between the predicated and measured values of the variables above were 0.86, 0.86 and 0.96, respectively;Root meansquares （RMSE） were less than 0.92%, 0. 88 mm/d and 9.78%, respectively Modeling efficiency （EF） changed in 0.51~0.86, 0.43~0.76 and 0.92~0.99, re- spectively. Relative errors between the predicated and measured values of biomass and grain yield were 2.83%~4.42~ and 3.13~9.58%, respectively. The sensitivity analysis showed that the dates （while CC arriving at CCx, canopy senescence starting and flowering）, field capacity, wilting moisture content and initial water contents in soil profile were sensitive parameters, of which the sensitivity degrees changed from 0.13 to 0.58. AquaCrop model could simulate well water use, growth and yield of rainfed maize with plastic film mulching in this region.

关 键 词：AquaCrop模型 春玉米 产量 蒸发蒸腾 敏感性分析 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]