东、黄渤海带鱼的洄游路线  

Migratory routes of Trichiurus lepturus in the East China Sea,Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea

作　　者：徐兆礼[1] 陈佳杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业部海洋与河口渔业重点开放实验室,上海200090

出　　处：《水产学报》2015年第6期824-835,共12页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41176131);中国近海海洋综合评价项目(908-02-01-03)

摘　　要：为了研究带鱼的洄游路线,根据我国10余个主要渔业公司1971、1972、1981和1982年带鱼捕捞统计资料,先绘制带鱼鱼群移动影像图,据此进一步研究东、黄渤海近海带鱼的洄游路线图。结果显示,带鱼越冬场、产卵场和索饵场范围广阔,在空间上具有一定的重叠性。带鱼还有分批越冬、产卵和索饵洄游的特性,不同群体越冬、产卵和索饵洄游在时间上也有一定的重叠性。北方带鱼群体的越冬场主要在32°00＇-36°00＇N,124°00＇-126°00＇E黄海暖流水域。3—7月北上进入海州湾、乳山湾、海洋岛和渤海各湾产卵场;8—9月在产卵场外围宽阔水域索饵;9—11月游出渤海,绕过成山头南下,沿禁渔线外侧,沿途分别汇合海州湾、乳山湾及海洋岛的越冬鱼群,到了34°00＇N后折向东南,分批于12月到达越冬场。南方带鱼群体越冬场主要位于浙江中南部禁渔线外侧,其次是济州岛西南海域。每年3—4月起,南部越冬的带鱼鱼群大致以每2个月1个纬度的速度向东北方向移动;5—7月,产卵洄游的鱼群到达舟山渔场和长江口渔场产卵;7—8月,产卵后的索饵群体北上黄海南部大沙渔场索饵;9月,索饵群体前锋到达35°00＇N禁渔线外侧。10月以后,随着冷空气南下,南部群体带鱼向南越冬洄游,并且在10月回到长江口海域。其中小部分群体游向外海越冬场,大部分群体继续南下回到东海中南部近海的越冬场。台湾暖流和黄海暖流的进退和消长是影响带鱼越冬洄游路线空间和时间变化的主要环境因素。To study migratory routes of the largehead hairtail, Trichiurus lepturus, in the East China Sea （ECS） ,the Yellow Sea （YS）and the Bohai Sea （BS）, the fishing records were analyzed with the data collected in the years 1971,1972,1981 and 1982. Firstly, moving images of largehead hairtail were plotced. Based on the images, migratory routes of the fish were further studied in the area. The results showed that wintering ground, spawning ground and feeding ground of the fish were wide and overlapped in space with each other. Furthermore, these migrations of the fish were overlapped in month, then showed its characteristics of batch migration. Overlapping in ground spaces and migrating of batch were two important and ecological characteristics for largehead hairtail. The wintering grounds of north population of the fish was located at 32000＇ -36°00＇N, 124000＇ - 126°00＇E,in the waters of yellow sea warm current. In March-July of each year,the largehead hairtail groups entered Haizhou Bay, Rushan Bay, Sea Island and bays in Bohai, the places were spawning ground and feeding ground for the fish. In Septamber-November,the fish groups moved out of Bohai,passed the Chengshan Cape, collected the fish groups from Haizhou Bay, Rushan Bay, Sea Island along waters of the forbidden fishing zone line, on the way to go to its wintering ground. When the groups arrived at 34°00＇N, the batch groups turned to the southeast, to the wintering ground lies in the south-east of the Yellow Sea. The wintering grounds of the south population were mainly located in the waters near the forbidden fishing zoneline in the mid-southern East China Sea, followed by the waters in west of Jeju Island. From March-April, the fish groups moved north-east towards west waters of the Zhoushan Fishing Ground and the Changjiang Estuary Fishing Ground roughly at the speed of one degree of latitude for every two months until May-July. The fish finished spawning migration by reaching the Zhoushan Fishing Ground and the Changjiang Estuary Fis

关 键 词：带鱼 洄游 越冬场 产卵场 索饵场 

分 类 号：S932.8[农业科学—渔业资源]