野战部队新兵适应性心理健康教育干预效果评估  

Effect of adaptability of field army recruits to psychological education

作　　者：赵梦雪[1] 杨国愉[1] 贺英[2] 王立菲[1] 王皖曦 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学心理学院军人发展与教育心理学教研室,重庆400038 [2]解放军324医院精神卫生中心,重庆400038

出　　处：《解放军医学杂志》2015年第6期492-497,共6页Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(11XSH016);军队心理卫生科研基金(12XLZ219);中国学位与研究生教育学会研究课题(2013Y13);重庆市研究生教育教学改革研究项目(yjg133087)~~

摘　　要：目的评价野战部队新兵适应性心理健康教育的效果。方法抽取某野战部队2012年入伍的新兵1244名,按建制连分为实验组(n=568)和对照组(n=676)。实验组新兵参加10次适应性心理健康教育,对照组不参加。分别于干预前后采用军人心理素质量表(MQQA)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、状态特质焦虑问卷(STAI)和自编适应性心理健康教育评价表对两组新兵进行心理测评并进行组间比较。结果与干预前比较,实验组干预后MQQA各维度得分均显著增高(P<0.001),对照组除忠诚维度变化不显著(P>0.05)外,其余各维度得分均显著增高(P<0.001);除自信维度外,教育干预对实验组心理素质提升的程度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与干预前比较,实验组干预后SCL-90各因子分和总分均显著降低(P<0.001),对照组除恐怖因子和其他因子(P>0.05)外,其余各因子分均显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);除躯体化因子(P>0.05)外,教育干预对实验组心理健康水平提升的程度均显著高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与干预前比较,两组干预后的焦虑、抑郁、状态焦虑、特质焦虑得分均显著降低(P<0.05,P<0.01);教育干预对实验组状态焦虑、特质焦虑的缓解作用明显优于对照组(P<0.001)。与干预前比较,干预后实验组新兵在心理健康教育30个主观评价项目上的得分均明显提高(P<0.001)。结论适应性心理健康教育对提升野战部队新兵心理素质、心理健康水平、情绪状态和积极认知有显著效果。Objective To explore the effect of psychological education adaptability on the mental quality and mental health of recruits of field army units. Methods A total number of 1244 recruits who joined the army in 2012 were tested with Mental Quality Questionnaire of Armyman（MQQA）, Symptom Checklist 90（SCL-90）, Self-ratin g Anxiety Scale（SAS）, Selfrating Depression Scale（SDS）, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory（STAI）, and self-compiled questionnaire for adaptability psychological education. 568 recruits received adaptability psychological education for 10 times（sessions） in the experimental group, and 676 in the control group did not receive the education. Results After intervention, each dimension score of experimental and control groups on MQQA significantly increased（P〈0.001） except the loyalty score of control group（P〉0.05）. Psychological education showed a significant effect on improving mental quality（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. After intervention, each dimension score of experimental group on SCL-90 was significantly decreased（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. Psychological education showed a significant effect on improving mental health（P〈0.05, P〈0.01） except somatization（P〉0.05）. After education, the anxiety, depression, state-trait anxiety scores of the two groups reduced significantly（P〈0.001）; compared with the control group, the anxious emotion was effectively relieved by psychological education in experimental group（P〈0.001）. The recruits in the experimental group showed significant difference in 30 subjective evaluation items between before-and after-education periods（P〈0.001）. Conclusions The adaptability psychological education has a significant effect on promoting the mental quality, mental health, emotional state and positive cognition of the recruits in field army units.

关 键 词：军事人员 心理学 军事 健康教育 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]