纳米材料对胎盘屏障功能毒性作用的研究进展  

Progress in toxic effects of nanomaterials on placental barrier function

作　　者：张婉怡[1,2] 许恒毅[2] 杨林[2] 况慧娟 傅芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学第二附属医院,江西南昌330006 [2]南昌大学食品科学与技术国家重点实验室,江西南昌330047

出　　处：《中国药理学与毒理学杂志》2015年第3期498-502,共5页Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81201691);江西省科技厅青年科学家(井冈之星)培养对象项目(20142BCB23004);南昌大学分析测试中心基金资助项目(2012018);江西省自然基金重大项目(20143ACB21003)~~

摘　　要：纳米材料因其粒径小和比表面积大等独特理化性质而被广泛应用于物理、化学、生物和医学等各个领域,其对人体及环境可能造成的潜在危害也愈发受到人们的重视,其中纳米材料孕期暴露对后代发育的影响更是备受关注。近年来,数种常见纳米氧化物、碳纳米材料、量子点及金属纳米材料对胎盘屏障毒性作用的相关研究发现,多数纳米材料能够穿过胎盘屏障并破坏胎盘正常结构,甚至影响子代的生长发育及性成熟,其毒性程度常与纳米材料尺寸、包被材料、剂量和暴露方式相关。纳米材料的胎盘屏障毒性作用机制研究也取得进展,期望能有更为科学完善的体系以对纳米材料毒性进行全面评价。In recent years, nanomaterials have been widely used in physics, chemistry, biomedicine and other industries due to their small size, high surface area and other unique properties. Meanwhile, their potential risk to humans and the environment also attracts increasing attention, especially the effect of prenatal exposure on offspring development. This paper reviews the recent reseaches of the nanomar- erial toxicity caused by prenatal exposure, including nano-oxides, carbon nanomaterials, quantum dots and metal nano-materials. The results show that various of nanomaterials can cross the placenta barrier and destory its structure, even affect the growth and maturation of offspring. The toxicity depends on the size and surface material of the nanoparticle, as well as the administration dosage and method. This paper ends with a discussion of the possible mechanism of nanomaterial placenta toxicity, hoping for a more comprehensive system for evaluating the toxicity of nanomaterials.

关 键 词：纳米结构 胎盘 生殖毒性 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学] TB383.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]