重金属铅对3种蕨类植物孢子萌发和配子体发育的影响  

Effects of Pb^(2+) on Spore Germination and Gametophyte Development of Three Species of Fern

作　　者：汪盛[1] 刘恩德[1] 夏漪[1] 戴锡玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学生命与环境科学学院,上海200234

出　　处：《植物研究》2015年第4期499-503,共5页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：上海高校市级精品课程(植物学)建设项目(B-9117-14-006001);上海市科委部分地方高校能力建设项目(12490502700)

摘　　要：研究了重金属铅对水蕨、中华桫椤和扇蕨孢子萌发及其对水蕨配子体发育的影响。结果表明:随着铅浓度的增加,水蕨、中华桫椤和扇蕨孢子的萌发率逐渐降低;在低于10-4mol·L-1的环境中,水蕨孢子可以正常萌发;在低于10-5mol·L-1的环境中,中华桫椤和扇蕨孢子能正常萌发;水蕨、中华桫椤和扇蕨的孢子都对铅具有一定的耐受性;铅对水蕨配子体的发育存在一定影响,铅使水蕨配子体呈不规则的心脏形,多发育为雄配子体;精子器凹陷入原叶体边缘;配子体细胞中叶绿体分布不均匀。本研究为铅污染土壤的植物修复筛选后备植物。We studied the effects of heavy metal Pb2＋ on spore germination of Ceratopteris thalictroides, Alsophila costularis and Neocheiropteris palmatopedata and the gametophyte development of C. thalictroides. With the increasing of Pb2＋, germination percentage of spores is reduced in C. thalictroides, A. costularis and N. palmatopedata. When the concentration is lower than 10^-4 mol ： L-1, the spore of C. thalictroides will germinate. When the concentration is lower than 10^-5 mol · L-1, the spore of A. costularis and N. palmatopedata will germinate. Spores of C. thalictroides, A. costularis and N. palmatopedata have a certain tolerance to Pb2 ＋~. The heavy metal （Pb2＋） have an effect on gametophyte development of C. thalictroides, which makes gametophyte irregular and produces more male gametophyte. The antheridium is recessed into the edge of prothallium, and the chloroplast is unevenly distributed in the C. thalictroides. The present investigation provided some selective plants which can repair the Pb2＋ polluted soil.

关 键 词：铅 孢子萌发 配子体发育 水蕨 中华桫椤 扇蕨 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]