68例慢性乙型肝炎患者对疾病认知及心理和行为问卷调查  

Questionnaire Investigation on Disease Cognition, Psychology and Behavior in 68 Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B

作　　者：刘桂兰[1] 胥莹[1] 潘慧[1] 陈艳萍[1] 施金彩 

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学第二附属医院肝胆胰内科,中国昆明650101

出　　处：《昆明医科大学学报》2015年第6期144-147,共4页Journal of Kunming Medical University

摘　　要：目的了解患者对慢乙肝疾病相关知识认知、对疾病的心理和行为应对情况,以更好评估慢乙肝患者对疾病的认知、防治需求,对待疾病的态度和行为,疾病带给慢乙肝患者的心理压力,为慢乙肝患者的健康管理、心理干预提供依据.方法对在2011年1月至2013年6月到昆明医科大学第二附属医院肝胆胰内科门诊就诊和住院的68位慢乙肝患者在诊疗前后进行个人访谈和问卷调查,并由受过专业培训的医护人员对问卷调查中发现的问题进行一对一的指导.结果大部分患者知道疾病的一般知识,对疾病缺乏较深层次的认识.宣教前与宣教后患者在乙肝传播途径、带来的后果认知、加重肝损伤因素的认知及保护家人不受感染的措施等方面问卷得分进行t检验,P<0.05具有统计学意义.对自我护理和预防保健没有充分认识,患者对乙肝相关疾病知识的认识和了解与文化程度和病程长短有关,69.1%的患者存在一定的心理问题.结论医护人员加强对慢乙肝相关疾病知识的深度和广度的宣传,针对患者的心理问题给予积极的心理疏导,争取社会支持系统对患者提供有针对性的帮助,提供准确的健康指导和连续的干预,促进患者主动采纳健康行为建议,对监测和防控患者的病情发展,对慢性乙肝患者的未来的健康管理有重要意义.Objective To investigate the disease cognition, psychology and behavior response of patients with chronic hepatitis B to get a better assessment of the need, attitude and behavior of patients and provide the basis for health management and psychological intervention for patients with chronic hepatitis B. Methods From January 2011 to June 2013, 68 patients with chronic hepatitis B in our department outpatient and hospitalization received individual interviews and questionnaire survey before and after diagnosis and treatment, and were given one- to- one instruction by the trained medical staff. Results Most patients understood the general knowledge of the disease, but lacked the deeper knowledge. There were statistically significant differences in the route of transmission, the cognitive consequences, factors of liver damage and measures to protect family from infected before and after questionnaire（P〈0.05）. Patients didn＇t fully understand the self care and preventive care, the related disease knowledge and understanding were related to cultural degree and disease duration, and 69.1% of patients had some psychological problems. Conclusion Patients with chronic hepatitis B have certain health information reserves, but lack the deeper knowledge. The medical staff should strengthen chronic hepatitis B knowledge publicity efforts,give a positive psychological counseling for patients with psychological problems,strive for the social support system to help patients, provide accurate health guidance and continuous intervention,promote the patients take the initiative to adopt healthy behavior advice,which are significant in the monitoring and prevention of illness development and the future of health management of chronic hepatitis B patients.

关 键 词：慢性乙型肝炎患者 问卷调查 疾病认知 心理和行为 社会支持 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学]