若尔盖高原典型年份植被覆盖变化对2010年区域气候影响的数值模拟  

A Numerical Simulation of the Impact of Vegetation Cover Changes in the Zoigê Plateau in Typical Years on the Regional Climate in 2010

作　　者：沈晓燕[1,2] 张宇[1] 王少影[1] 尚伦宇[1] 张珊[1,2] 徐永明[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区早区环境与工程研究所寒早区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室,兰州730030 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]南京信息工程大学,南京210044

出　　处：《气候与环境研究》2015年第4期443-453,共11页Climatic and Environmental Research

基　　金：全球变化重大研究计划2011CB952002;西部之光项目Y229C71001

摘　　要：利用WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)模式,采用1981年、1990年、2000年、2010年卫星遥感地表分类数据,模拟分析了黄河源区若尔盖高原典型年份真实地表植被覆盖变化对2010年区域气候的影响。得到以下主要结论:1)对于地表能量,植被覆盖变化对潜热影响较显著,较为显著的气候响应是地表温度的变化,且局地地表温度变化较区域平均温度变化明显。2)蒸腾效率和反照率会改变地表温度,但它们的相对重要性随季节和地点而变化,在夏季,若尔盖高原蒸腾效率改变对温度的影响大于反照率的作用。3)植被覆盖度变化在低层对温湿度均有影响,在中高层仅对温度有较小扰动。The impact of real vegetation cover changes in typical years on the regional climate of the Zoigê Plateau in 2010 was studied by using the Weather Research and Forecasting（WRF） model and the surface classification data of satellite remote sensing in the years 1981, 1990, 2000, and 2010. The main conclusions are： 1） The simulated latent heat flux has clearly changed in association with different surface classification data; the dominant climate response is the variation of surface temperature; and the local change is more significant than the regional average. 2） The change is driven by changes in both transpiration efficiency and albedo, with changes in transpiration efficiency dominating in Zoigê in summer. 3） After comparing the simulated profiles of temperature and humidity among different surface data, we concluded that simulated changes in vegetation cover affect temperature and humidity at low levels, but impose only small disturbance on temperature at high levels.

关 键 词：土地利用/覆盖变化 WRF模式 黄河源区 

分 类 号：P461.7[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]