韶关市儿童急性呼吸道感染病原学及流行病学特征  

Etiology and epidemiological characteristics of acute respiratory infection viruses in children in Shaoguan city

作　　者：邱灿林[1] 龚萍[1] 唐建红[1] 邓俊兴 徐亮[1] 卢志坚[1] 邱燕玲[2] 

机构地区：[1]韶关市疾病预防控制中心,广东韶关512028 [2]粤北人民医院,广东韶关512026

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2015年第6期685-688,共4页China Tropical Medicine

基　　金：国家科技重大专项一"传染病监测技术平台"项目(No.2009ZX10004);韶关市科技计划项目(No.2014CX/K200)

摘　　要：目的了解韶关地区儿童急性呼吸道感染（ARI）病毒病原体的感染状况及流行特征,为疾病监测和临床诊治提供依据和参考。方法于2012年6月~2014年5月在粤北人民医院和韶关市第一人民医院收集ARI患儿发病1~3d内的咽拭子标本。应用荧光定量PCR方法检测标本中流感病毒A型和B型（Flu A、Flu B）、副流感病毒1、2、3型（HPIV1、HPIV2、HPIV3）、腺病毒（ADV）、鼻病毒（HRV）、呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、偏肺病毒（MPV）、博卡病毒（Bo V）、冠状病毒（HCo V）（229E、OC43、HKU1、NL63）等14种病毒的核酸。分析各病原体感染的流行病学特征及主要临床表现。结果 440份标本中检出阳性226份,病毒总检出率为51.36%（226/440）,HRV检出率最高,为11.14%,其他病毒的检出率从高到低依次为Flu A 10.00%、ADV 7.73%、HPIV 7.27%、HCo V 6.36%、MPV 5.91%、Flu B 3.41%、RSV3.18%、HBo V 1.59%。HRV、Flu A、HPIV和Flu B的发病率有一定的季节特征,而ADV、HCo V、MPV、RSV和HBo V的发病率季节特征不明显。HRV、Flu A、ADV在3~岁组检出率较高;HPIV、RSV、HBo V、Flu B在0~岁组检出率较高;HCo V、MPV在1~岁组检出率较高。HRV、Flu A、ADV、MPV、RSV感染患儿出现高热的比例较高。结论引起韶关地区儿童ARI的病毒病原体种类多,占首位是HRV,其次是Flu A和ADV。部分病原体感染有季节流行特征;各病原体的流行与年龄没有明显相关性。Objective To understand the pathogens and epidemiological characteristics of acute respiratory infection （ARI） viruses in children in Shaognan city, So as to provide reference for disease surveillance, clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods Samples of pharyngeal swabs were collected from children in Shaognan Municipal First People＇s Hospital and Yue Bei People＇ s Hospital from June 2012 to May 2014, Totally 14 types of viruses including Influenza A （FluA） , Influenza B （ FIuB ） , Adenovirus （ AD V ） , human Rhinovirus （ HR V ） , Respiratory Syncytial Virus （RSV）, Parainfluenza virus type 1 , type 2, type 3 （HPIV 1, HPIVZ, HPiV3）, human Metapneumovirus （MPV） and human Coronavirus （HCoV） type 229E, type OC43, type HKU1, type NL63 were detected with fluorescence quota PCR method. The epidemic feature and clinical characteristic of each virus were then analyzed. Results Viruses were found in 226 of the 440 subjects, with a detection rate of 51.36% （226/440）.The detection rate of HRV was 11.14% being the highest, followed by FluA （10.00%）, ADV （7.73%）,HPIV （7.27%）,HCoV （6.36%）,MPV（5.91%） ,FluB （3.41%）,RSV （3.18%）and HBoV（1.59% ）. The incidence of HRV, FluA, HPIV and FluB showed apparent seasonal characteristics , while that of ADV, HCoV, MPV, RSV and HBoVdid not exhibit a distinct seasonal characterisitics.The detection rates of HRV, FluA and ADV were relatively higher in children aged 3 ~ years. Detection rate of HPIV, RSV, HBoV and FluB were higher in children aged 0 ~ year and that of HCoV and MPV was high in children aged 1 ~ year. Hyperpyrexia was observed in a majority of children infected with HRV, FIuA, ADV, MPV or RSV. Conclusion The pathogens of ARI in children of shaognan city were diverse with HRV on the top, followed by FluA and ADV .Some pathogens exhibited seasonal features and the infections of all pathogens were not significantly related to ages of the children.

关 键 词：儿童 急性呼吸道感染 病毒 荧光定量PCR 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]