水力压裂单缝中常用压裂液携砂性能评价  

Evaluation on sand carrying capacity of commonly used fracturing fluid in the single fracture by hydraulic fracturing

作　　者：温庆志[1] 李杨[1] 徐希 李猛[1] 战永平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《油气地质与采收率》2015年第4期123-126,共4页Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金"页岩气藏水平井滑溜水压裂支撑剂输送机理研究"(ZR2012EEM001)

摘　　要：水力压裂是油气藏增产的一项重要技术手段,其目的是在地层内形成一条高导流能力的填砂裂缝,支撑剂在裂缝中沉降所形成的砂堤形态决定着压裂增产效果。针对中国理论研究较多但实验研究缺乏的现状,利用大型可视裂缝模拟装置进行支撑剂沉降模拟实验,通过对比分析砂堤形态以及支撑剂颗粒的沉降速度与水平运移速度,对现场常用的滑溜水、线性胶、纤维和交联4种压裂液进行携砂性能评价。结果表明:滑溜水压裂液形成的砂堤短而高,其携砂性能最差;交联压裂液形成的砂堤长而低,且最平缓,携砂性能最好;线性胶压裂液与纤维压裂液携砂性能介于两者之间;支撑剂颗粒在4种压裂液中的水平运移速度分别占液体流速的78%,85%,91%和95%,沉降速度由高到低分别为滑溜水压裂液、线性胶压裂液、纤维压裂液和交联压裂液。因此现场应根据储层的实际情况以及所需裂缝的类型选择合适的压裂液。Hydraulic fracturing is an important technical method for improving the reservoir production,whose aim is forming fractures with high conductivity. The shape of sand banks developed by the settlement of proppant particles determines the stimulation performance. Large scale visible fracture simulator was used to carry out the proppant settlement stimulation experiment based on abundant theoretical researches and scarce experimental studies in China. The sand carrying capability of four kinds of commonly used fracturing fluids,including slick water,linear gel,fiber liquid and crosslinked fluid,have been evaluated after the shape of sand banks,and the proppant settlement velocity and horizontal migration velocity were analyzed. The results show that the slick water can develop short and high sand banks,so it has the worst sand carrying capability. Crosslinked fluid can develop long and low sand banks,which is also the most gradual one,so it has the best sand carrying capability. The sand carrying capabilities of the linear gel and fiber liquid are between them. The horizontal migration velocities of proppant particles in four kinds of fracturing fluids are 78 percent,85 percent,91 percent and95 percent of fluid velocity,and the settlement velocities from high to low are slick water,linear gel,fiber liquid and crosslinked fluid respectively. So the appropriate fracturing fluids should be chosen based on the reservoir parameters and the types of fractures in the field.

关 键 词：水力压裂 裂缝 压裂液 支撑剂 沉降规律 

分 类 号：TE357.12[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]