围填海工程对渤海湾水交换能力影响的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of Effects of Land Reclamation on Water Exchange Capability of Bohai Bay

作　　者：袁德奎[1] 李广[1] 王道生[1] 杨志斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学机械工程学院,天津300072

出　　处：《天津大学学报（自然科学与工程技术版）》2015年第7期605-613,共9页Journal of Tianjin University：Science and Technology

基　　金：天津市自然科学基金重点资助项目(11JCZDJC24200);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目(NCET-12-0406)

摘　　要：基于水动力模型和拉格朗日粒子跟踪法,从整体和局部两个层面分析了围填海工程对渤海湾水交换能力的影响.根据数值模拟结果统计出大规模围填海之前(2003年前)渤海湾海水的整体半交换时间约为300,d,这与其他研究者的结论基本一致;大规模围填海之后半交换时间显著增大,达到600,d以上.分析表明,半交换时间增大的主要原因可能是围填海工程显著影响了渤海湾沿岸的余流场,致使西部水体沿岸南下进入渤海中部的通道受阻.进一步计算了各节点上的驻留时间、曝光时间和返回系数,分析了围填海工程影响下渤海湾各处的局部水交换能力及其对渤海湾整体水交换能力的贡献.结果表明:渤海湾西部、中部和南部沿岸地区对渤海湾整体水交换的贡献小,黄骅港东北部近岸区域对渤海湾整体水交换的贡献较大,且其水交换能力受岸线变化的影响较小;渤海湾湾口的水交换能力受岸线变化影响较大,湾口北部的水交换能力变弱,南部的水交换能力增强;湾内及湾口的余环流对渤海湾的局部及整体水交换能力影响显著,围填海后湾口北部回流对渤海湾整体水交换能力的影响大,南部回流的影响较小.Based on hydrodynamic model and the Lagrange particle tracking method,the impact of land reclamation on the water exchange capability of Bohai Bay was investigated from both local and global scales. Statistics of nu-merical simulations indicate that the overall half exchange time of the Bohai Bay around 300 days before the massive reclamation which took place in 2003. This result generally coincides with other related researches. After the reclama-tion,the half exchange time has significantly increased,reaching more than 600 days. This phenomenon is probably caused by the impact of reclamation on the costal residual flow field,which blocks the water from west to enter the central Bohai Sea southward along the coast. In addition,the local residence time,exposure time and the return co-efficient were calculated and used as the indices to analyze the capability of local water exchange and the contribution of local water body to the entire exchange capability of Bohai Bay under the impact of land reclamation. The results show that western,central and southern coastal regions are of little contributionto the entire water exchange of Bohai Bay,while the coastal region northeast to Huanghua harbor makes a major contribution and its water exchange capa-bility is slightly affected by the change of the coastal line. However,water exchange capability near the open bound-ary of Bohai Bay is dependent on the change of the coastal line with the water exchange capability turning weaker from south to north. The impact of residual circulation flow in Bohai Bay on water exchange capability is significant, and the impact of the circulation flow in north is greater than that in south.

关 键 词：渤海湾 水交换 驻留时间 曝光时间 返回系数 岸线变化 

分 类 号：P731.2[天文地球—海洋科学]