上海市金山区矽肺病防治现状的调查  

Current situation of prevention and treatment of silicosis in Jinshan District of Shanghai, China

作　　者：王丽华[1] 刘小方[1] 俞丹丹[1] 王莉萍[1] 周雪松[1] 訾亚平[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市金山区疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与评价科,201599

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2015年第6期456-458,共3页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

摘　　要：目的 了解金山区矽肺病防治现状,为制定矽肺病预防控制措施提供科学依据.方法 采用横断面流行病学调查的方法,对金山区矽尘危害企业进行职业卫生学调查,按照GBZ 159-2004《工作场所空气中有害物质监测的采样规范》和GBZ/T 192.1-2007《作业场所空气中粉尘测定第1部分：总粉尘浓度》对矽尘作业工人进行个体采样和检测结果评价.结果 30家矽尘危害企业有302名接触矽尘作业工人,其工伤保险覆盖率为98.3％、职业健康检查率为92.4％.企业防尘口罩配备率为56.7％,作业场所中矽尘浓度监测合格率为40.4％;矽尘危害企业主要是以干式、手工作业,设备敞开无负压为主.结论 金山区矽尘危害企业职业卫生安全工作存在生产设备简陋、防护设施和个人防护用品配备不完善、工作场所中矽尘检测合格率低等隐患,职业卫生防护措施亟待加强.Objective To study the current situation of the prevention and treatment of silicosis in Jinshan District of Shanghai,China,and to provide a scientific basis for the introduction of preventive and control measures for the disease.Methods An occupational hygienic investigation was carried out among enterprises exposed to silica dust hazard in Jinshan District using cross-sectional epidemiological study.Based on GBZ 159-2004 Specifications of air sampling for hazardous substances monitoring in the workplace and GBZ/T 192.1-2007 Method for determination of dust in the air of workplace Part 1：Total dust concentration,individual sampling and evaluation of test results were conducted among workers exposed to silica dust.Results A total of 302 workers in 30 enterprises were exposed to silica dust,and the coverage of employment injury insurance and occupational health inspection rate were 98.3% and 92.4%,respectively.The equipment rate of anti-dust respirators of the enterprises was 56.7%,and the qualification rate of silica dust monitoring in work place was 40.4%.The enterprises exposed to silica dust were mainly those who were operated in dry condition and engaged in manual work using opening-type equipment without negative pressure.Conclusion Enterprises exposed to silica dust in Jinshan District of Shanghai have safety hazards like poor production and protective equipment,incomplete protective articles,and low qualification rate of silica dust test in workplace,so occupational health protection measures need to be strengthened.

关 键 词：矽尘 矽肺 防治现状 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]