阿片类药物相关性便秘的诊疗  

Diagnosis and management of opioid-induced constipation

作　　者：李虹义[1] 魏振军[1] 刘端祺[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京军区总医院干部病房二科,北京市100700

出　　处：《中国肿瘤临床》2015年第12期603-607,共5页Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology

摘　　要：阿片类药物相关性便秘(opioid-induced constipation,OIC)是阿片类药物应用过程中最常见的不良反应,其困扰着癌痛患者和医务工作者,影响癌痛患者的疼痛控制。因此,控制OIC则显得十分必要。但是关于OIC的诊断未达成共识,有必要探讨与统一其诊断,以便交流和比较治疗效果。本研究提出了OIC相关的诊断意见并概述了OIC治疗,包括药物治疗和非药物治疗;同时提出OIC预防、治疗的初步流程,以利于临床工作者方便使用。Opioid-induced constipation （OIC） is the most common side effect of opioid. OIC influences the quality of life of pa-tients suffering from cancer pain. However, given that the drug is often overlooked and underappreciated, most of the time, the patients would avoid or abandon using opioid and, as a result, they continuously suffer from cancer pain. Therefore, OIC prevention and man-agement must be made before opioid use. The consensus on the diagnosis of OIC has only been reached recently. Thus, a unified defini-tion of OIC must be developed to exchange therapeutic option among departments in hospitals and compare treatment outcome. The di-agnosis of OIC is discussed, and the management of OIC, including medicinal and non-medicinal treatment, is summarized. Mean-while, the initial program for prevention and treatment of OIC is established to make OIC management more convenient for clinical physicians. Much work is still needed to establish a consensus on OIC diagnosis and a suitable program for prevention and treatment of OIC.

关 键 词：阿片类药物 镇痛药 便秘 诊断 治疗流程 

分 类 号：R595.3[医药卫生—内科学]