1979-2011年热带对流层顶高度线性趋势变化的因子贡献及其年际变率成因探讨  

FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO LINEAR TRENDS OF THE TROPICAL TROPOPAUSE HEIGHT AND CAUSES OF THEIR INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY FROM 1979 TO 2011

作　　者：郑彬[1] 施春华[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所,广东省区域数值天气预报重点实验室,广东广州510080 [2]南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2015年第3期300-309,共10页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2011CB403403);广东省科技计划项目(2012A061400012);广东省气象局科学技术研究项目(2013B07)共同资助

摘　　要：利用美国国家环境预报中心/大气研究中心(NCEP/NCAR)再分析资料分析了近30年(1979—2011年)热带(0~360°E,20°S^20°N)对流层顶高度变化,结果显示其高度有明显的线性上升趋势,近30年气压下降了3.5 h Pa。其中对流、臭氧和对流层温度的贡献分别为13.3%、27.26%和57.31%。在去除线性趋势后,热带对流层顶气压表现出了显著的年际变率,主要周期峰值为18.2、28.6和40个月。其中臭氧和热带对流层温度都对18.2个月的周期有贡献,而臭氧和热带对流层温度18.2个月的周期很可能是由北半球的季风环流引起的;28.6个月的周期主要源于臭氧总量的准两年周期变化,而后者是由热带平流层低层纬向风场的准两年振荡引起的;热带对流层顶气压40个月的周期似乎源于ENSO循环引起的对流层温度变化。The National Centers for Environmental Prediction （NCEP）/National Center for Atmospheric Research （NCAR） reanalysis data are used to analyze the variations of tropical （0-360 °E, 20°S～20°N） tropopause height during the past 30 years （1979-2011）. The results indicate a linear trend of increase with 3.5 hPa decrease of tropopause pressure during these years, and tropical convection, total ozone and tropospheric air temperature contribute to the trend by 13.3%, 27.26% and 57.31% respectively. With the linear trend removed, tropical tropopause pressure varies significantly on the interannual scale and peaks at periods of 18.2, 28.6 and 40 months. Both the total ozone and tropical tropospheric air temperature contribute to the 18.2-month period and the ozone and tropospheric air temperature variability of this period are induced by boreal monsoon cells. The 28.6-month period is attributed to the quasi-biennial variation of ozone induced by the lower stratospheric zonal wind of quasi-biennial oscillation. The 40-month period in the tropical tropopause pressure is mainly responsible for the ENSO induced tropospheric variation of air temperature.

关 键 词：对流层顶 对流层增温 平流层降温 臭氧 

分 类 号：P412.292[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]