一株祁连山野生毛头鬼伞菌的分离鉴定及其生物学特性分析  

Isolation, identification and biological characteristics of a wild fungus of genus coprinuscomatus from Qilian Mountain

作　　者：朱玉兰[1] 谢放[1] 吴萍民 

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学化学与生物工程学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中国生物制品学杂志》2015年第6期598-604,共7页Chinese Journal of Biologicals

摘　　要：目的对一株祁连山大型野生食用菌进行分离鉴定,并分析其生物学特性。方法经组织分离获得野生菌株QL-8,提取其基因组DNA,以其为模板扩增内转录间隔区（internal transcribed spacer,ITS）片段,并进行测序及系统发育分析。采用单因素试验方法检测温度（18、20、22、24、26、28℃）、p H值（4.0、5.0、6.0、7.0、8.0、9.0、10.0）、碳源（蔗糖、麦芽糖、可溶性淀粉、甘露醇、甘油、葡萄糖）、氮源（硝酸钾、蛋白胨、硫酸铵、硝酸铵、酵母粉、尿素）、无机盐（硫酸铁、硫酸钙、硫酸锌、硫酸铜、硫酸锰、硫酸镁）、维生素（VB1、VB2、VB3、VB6、VB12、VB复合）对菌丝生长的影响。使用不同栽培料（棉籽壳、木屑、粪草）对野生菌进行栽培试验。结果菌株QL-8属于毛头鬼伞属,Gen Bank登录号为KF702392。菌丝生长的最适温度为24~26℃,最适p H为7.0,最适碳、氮源分别为蔗糖和酵母粉,添加一定量的硫酸镁和VB6有助于菌丝的生长。该菌株于木屑培养料中生长最快,满袋后覆土即可出菇。结论成功获得了菌株QL-8的生长特性和出菇条件,并培育出野生毛头鬼伞子实体,为天然野生菌实现人工栽培提供了实验依据。Objective To isolate, identify and analyze the？biological characteristics of a wild edible fungi from Qilian Mountain. Methods Wild fungi QL-8 was isolated, from which genomic DNA was extracted and used as a template for amplification of internal transcribed spacer（ITS）. The amplified product was sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. The effects of temperature（18, 20, 22, 24, 26 and 28 ℃）, p H value（4. 0, 5. 0, 6. 0, 7. 0, 8. 0, 9. 0 and 10. 0）,carbon source（sucrose, maltose, soluble starch, mannitol, glycerol and glucose）, nitrogen source（potassium nitrate,peptone, ammonia sulfate, yeast powder and urea）, inorganic slat（ferric sulfate, calcium sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, manganese sulfate and magnesium sulfate）, vitamin（VB1, VB2, VB3, VB6, VB12 and VBcomplex） on growth of the mycelium were investigated by single factor test. Cultivation test was performed by using various materials（cotton seed hulls, sawdust, manure and straw）. Results QL-8 belongs to genus Coprinuscomatus, of which the Gen Bank accession number is KF702392. The optimal temperature, p H value, carbon source, and nitrogen source were 24 ~ 26 ℃, 7. 0,sucrose and yeast powder respectively. Addition with a certain amount of magnesium sulfate and VB6 was helpful to the growth of mycelium. The mycelium grew fastest in sawdust substrates, which fruited after being covered with soil.Conclusion The growth characteristics and condition for fruiting of the wild edible fungi were obtained successfully, and wild coprinuscomatus fructification was bred, which provided an experimental basis for the artificial cultivation of wild fungus.

关 键 词：毛头鬼伞属 内转录间隔区 生物学特性 

分 类 号：Q939.96[生物学—微生物学]