北半球雪水当量季节和年际尺度时空主模态变化特征  

Temporal and Spatial Variability of Snow Water Equivalent Major Modes in Northern Hemisphere on Seasonal and Interannual Timescales

作　　者：陈月亮[1] 黄菲[1] 王宏[1] 房永生 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学物理海洋实验室山东省高校海洋-大气相互作用与气候重点实验室,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第7期11-17,共7页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划项目(2010CB951403)资助

摘　　要：利用美国冰雪中心提供的29年(1979—2007)月平均卫星遥感雪水当量(SWE)资料,研究了北半球雪水当量季节和年际变化的时空特征。在季节尺度上,欧亚大陆中西伯利亚高原及以东高纬度和北美大陆高纬度区域都有相比其它区域积雪早、融雪晚的特点;北半球平均的雪水当量在春、秋季节一般都有2个月的持续性,但晚冬到春季则存在春季障碍;季节变化的时空主模态以冬夏年周期振荡的半球一致型为主,方差贡献达93%。在年际尺度上,整个时间段各季节的SWE没有显著的线性减少趋势;SWE的时空分布主要存在两个主模态,分别占总方差贡献的13.1%和8.3%。第一模态主要反映了欧亚大陆中西部SWE的变化特征,第二模态则主要反映了北美中高纬度地区SWE的变化特征。Based on the monthly mean satellite remote sensing snow water equivalent（SWE）data during the period 1979—2007from National Snow and Ice Data Center（NSIDC）,the spatial and temporal variabilities of SWE over the Northern Hemisphere are studied.Seasonal evolution of SWE shows that the far east of Eurasia and parts of North America have experienced an earlier snowfall and later melting compared to the other part on the same latitude.The hemispheric SWE usually has two month persistence in spring and fall seasons,especially in November,while＂spring barrier＂occurs from late winter to spring.The leading mode of SWE on seasonal timescale appears a consistent variability on the whole hemisphere with annual cycle and about 93% variance contribution.On the interannual timescale,there are two major modes of SWE which variance contribution respectively reach 13.1%and 8.3%.The first mode mostly reflect the variability of SWE over the Eurasia Midwest,while the second mode mainly reflect the variability of SWE over most mid-high latitude of the North America.

关 键 词：北半球 雪水当量 时空变化 经验正交系数(EOF) 

分 类 号：P426.63[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]