青年女性急性心肌梗死患者的危险因素及冠状动脉特点分析  

Risk factors and characteristics of the coronary artery lesions for young female patients with acute myocardial infarction

作　　者：张斌[1] 杨浩[1] 汪伟[1] 刘祖霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉市黄陂区人民医院心血管内科,湖北武汉430300

出　　处：《海南医学》2015年第13期1901-1903,共3页Hainan Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的探讨青年女性急性心肌梗死患者的可能危险因素,分析其冠状动脉病变的特点。方法回顾性选择我院心血管内科2010年1月至2013年12月收治的急性心肌梗死且行冠状动脉造影手术的青年女性患者214例(A组),选择此期间收治的排除冠心病临床诊断且行冠状动脉造影的青年女性235例作为对照组(B1组),选择确诊急性心肌梗死且行冠状动脉造影手术的老年女性患者216例作为年龄对照组(B2组)。分析比较三组患者临床资料,筛选可能的危险因素,同时比较A组不同病变支数患者间临床情况。结果 A组患者的HDL-C水平均低于B1组和B2组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组患者中单支病变组患者与双支病变组、三支病变组比较,HDL-C差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);糖尿病病史、高血压病史、冠心病家族史、LDL-C和吸烟是青年女性急性心肌梗死的独立相关危险因素,HDL-C为独立保护因素;高血压病史和LDL-C为冠状动脉多支病变的独立相关危险因素,HDL-C为独立保护因素。结论 HDL-C为青年女性急性心肌梗死和冠状动脉多支病变的保护因素,可作为临床预防急性心肌梗死的重要监测指标。Objective To explore the possible risk factors of the young female patients with acute myocardial infarction, and analyze the characteristics of the coronary artery lesions. Methods We retrospectively studied 214 young female patients with acute myocardial infarction（group A）, 235 non-coronary heart disease（CHD） young females（group B1, the control group）, and 216 elderly females with acute myocardial infarction（group B2, the age control group）. All these patients were admitted to our hospital from Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2013, and accepted coronary arteriongraphy. The clinical data of the patients were analyzed and compared between the three groups, and the possible risk factors were investigated. Besides, the clinical data of patients with different branches of lesions in group A were compared. Results The level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C） of group A was significantly lower than that of group B1 and group B2（P〈0.05）. In group A, the levels of HDL-C showed statistically significant difference between single branch group and two branches group, three branches group（P〈0.05）. History of diabetes, hypertension, family history of CHD, LDL-C and smoking were independence related risk factors of young females with acute myocardial infarction, and HDL-C was the independent protective factor. History of hypertension and LDL-C were independence related risk factors of multiple vessel lesions, and HDL-C was independent protection factor. Conclusion HDL-C is protection factor for young women with acute myocardial infarction and multiple vessel lesions. HDL-C could be used as an important monitoring indicator for clinical prevention of acute myocardial infarction.

关 键 词：急性心肌梗死 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 青年女性 冠状动脉病变 

分 类 号：R542.22[医药卫生—心血管疾病]