高压超声破碎法制备微纳米TATB  

Preparation of Micro-nano TATB by High-pressure and Ultrasonic Breaking Method

作　　者：曾贵玉[1] 刘春[1] 赵林[1] 秦德新[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所,四川绵阳621999

出　　处：《含能材料》2015年第8期746-750,共5页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家NSAF基金(U1230125);中物院基金(2009A0302017)

摘　　要：为探索高压超声破碎法在微纳米三氨基三硝基苯(TATB)制备中的应用,采用纳米机对TATB炸药进行湿法破碎。阐述了高压超声破碎法制备微纳米炸药的工作原理。研究了破碎压力、料液浓度、表面活性剂及破碎次数对微纳米TATB颗粒粒径和比表面积的影响。对比了破碎前后TATB颗粒形貌、热性能的变化。结果表明,破碎压力增大,颗粒粒径变小、比表面积提高。料液浓度增大,颗粒先减小,后又变大。十二烷基苯磺酸钠和辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚OP)均对TATB细颗粒有良好的防聚集效果,但OP的防聚集效果更好。破碎次数增多,颗粒粒径先减小,后又变大。在间隔破碎模式、料液浓度10%、压力100 MPa、表面活性剂OP、破碎10次的破碎条件下,破碎后的TATB颗粒形貌与原料相比没有显著改变,但平均粒度从18μm减小到530 nm、热分解温度从396.6℃降低到392.1℃。To explore the application of high-pressure and ultrasonic breaking method in micro-nano TATB preparation,the wet breaking of TATB particles was performed by a nano-machine.The working principle of high-pressure and ultrasonic breaking method was introduced.The effects of breaking pressure,TATB concentration,surfactant and breaking times on the mean particle size and surface area of micro-nano TATB were studied.The change of morphology and thermal performance of TATB particle before and after breaking was compared.Results show that the mean particle size of TATB reduces and its specific surface area enhances with increasing the breaking pressure.The mean particle size reduces first and then enhances when TATB concentration increase.Both sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ethers（OP） have preventing congregation effect for micro-nano TATB particles,but OP has a better effect.The mean particle size reduces first and then increases with the breaking times enhance.Under the breaking conditions of interval mode,TATB concentration 10%,pressure 100 MPa,OP and breaking 10 times,the product has no notable change for particle morphology compared with original TATB materials but the mean particle size decreases from 18 μm to 530 nm and thermal decomposition temperature reduces from 396.6 ℃ to 392.1 ℃.

关 键 词：高压超声破碎 粒径 热性能 微纳米 三氨基三硝基苯(TATB) 

分 类 号：TQ560.1[化学工程—炸药化工]