江苏张家港黄泗浦遗址唐代以来环境考古研究  

ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHAEOLOGY OF HUANGSIPU SITE IN ZHANGJIAGANG,JIANGSU SINCE TANG DYNASTY

作　　者：王坤华[1] 朱诚[1] 李冰[2] 李兰[3] 吴立[4] 李开封[5] 陈刚[6] 高伟[6] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,南京210093 [2]河北师范大学资源与环境学院,石家庄050024 [3]四川大学历史文化学院,成都610065 [4]安徽师范大学国土资源与旅游学院,芜湖241000 [5]河南大学环境与规划学院,开封475004 [6]南京博物院考古研究所,南京210016

出　　处：《古生物学报》2015年第2期267-278,共12页Acta Palaeontologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41371204;41171163);国家社科重大基金(11&ZD183);江苏省科技计划项目(BE2014705);中科院湖泊与环境国家重点实验室开放基金(2012SKL003)资助

摘　　要：对江苏张家港黄泗浦遗址地层进行微体古生物、孢粉、Rb/Sr、Ti及磁化率代用指标的综合研究,发现唐代早期地层中有海相硅藻、有孔虫、鱼类骨骼化石、水蕨孢子等存在,结合岩性特征,判断其应属与海相通的河流低能或静水沉积环境。孢粉、Rb/Sr、Ti分析结合相关历史文献资料表明该区唐代气候整体温和湿润,至宋代逐渐变为温凉。孢粉和磁化率代用指标指示遗址区自唐代以来受人类活动的干扰程度不断加强。气候环境变迁和人类活动的共同作用导致了遗址区向海通道——古河道G13的淤塞,以致填平。南宋以后张家港北部迅速成陆,长江岸线不断东移及入海通道被阻隔,使古黄泗浦丧失了沿江航运的天然条件,最终导致古黄泗浦港的衰败。Microfossils,pollen, Rb/Sr, Ti, magnetic susceptibility are utilized to understand environmental changes and human activities in the Zhangjiagang area since Tang Dynasty.During the early period of Tang Dynasty,there were marine diatoms,foraminifera,fish bones, water fern spores,etc.,combined with the characteristics of lithology,indicating that was a low-energy or hydrostatic fluvial depositional environment which was connected with the sea.Pollen,Rb/Sr,Ti analysis combined with the relevant historical documents indicated that climate was warm and wet in the Tang Dynasty,but up to the Song Dynasty,the climate changed to warm and cool.Pollen and magnetic susceptibility proxies suggest the site and the surrounding area suffered from human activity with more and more intensity.Climate change and human activities lead to the blockage of the ancient river G13 in the study area,i.e.the channel that connected to the sea was blocked.In addition,according to historical records,the north part of Zhangjiagang area quickly became land after the Southern Song Dynasty,which lead to the south coastline of Yangtze River eastward-moving,so Huangsipu port gradually lost its geographical advantage,which resulted in the decline of the ancient Huangsipu port.

关 键 词：孢粉 磁化率 环境考古 黄泗浦遗址 

分 类 号：K878[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]