2011-2013年西安市红会医院脊柱脊髓损伤患者流行病学特点  

Epidemiological profile of spinal cord injury from 2011 through 2013 at Xi＆#39;an Honghui Hospital

作　　者：郝定均[1] 贺宝荣[1] 闫亮[1] 汪轶[1] 张前[1] 刘翠翠[1] 李厚坤[1] 李汉[1] 钱冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学院附属红会医院脊柱外科,710054

出　　处：《中华创伤杂志》2015年第7期632-636,共5页Chinese Journal of Trauma

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（81401843）

摘　　要：目的 分析西安市红会医院3年间脊柱脊髓损伤（SCI）的流行病学特征及其变化趋势.方法 应用自主研发的中国SCI流行病学调查软件,回顾性分析2011年1月-2013年12月诊治的SCI患者的资料.调查内容包括年龄、性别、致伤原因、合并损伤、骨折部位、脊髓损伤部位、美国脊髓损伤协会（ASIA）评分、手术治疗、并发症及康复治疗.结果 共收治SCI患者2 565例,男∶女为4.70∶1,年龄（41.50±11.20）岁.跌伤、高处坠落伤和交通伤是前三位致伤原因,占总数的89.71％.2 426例（94.58％）发生脊柱骨折,1 513例（58.99％）合并其他损伤.脊髓损伤以ASIA分级D级最多,占36.70％.手术治疗1 921例（74.89％）.住院期间并发症的发生率为36.49％ （936/2 565）,其中呼吸系统疾病占30.7％ （287/936）,低钠血症占17.2％ （161/936）,褥疮15.4％ （144/936）,泌尿系统10.8％ （101/936）,深静脉血栓7.7％（72/936）,其他18.3％（171/936）.接受康复治疗14.30％（338/2 365）.结论 SCI的发病呈上升趋势.40岁以上患者特别是老年人应预防跌倒,注意交通安全,年轻人应注意工作安全,避免高空坠落和重物砸伤.呼吸系统并发症是脊髓损伤患者死亡的重要因素,应给予足够的重视和早期医疗干预.同时应加大对脊髓损伤的康复治疗.Objective To evaluate the epidemological features and trends of spinal cord injury （SCI） within 3-year at Xi＆#39; an Honghui hospital.Methods Using China SCI epidemiology survey software,data of patients with SCI treated between January 2011 to December 2013 were reviewed.Variables included age,gender,causes of injury,combined injuries,level of injury,American spine injury association （ASIA） scale,surgical treatment,complications,and rehabilitation therapy.Results A total of 2,565 patients were collected with male to female ratio of 4.70 ∶ 1 and age of （41.50 ± 11.20） years.Fall at ground level,fall from height and traffic accidents were the top causes of injury,accounting for 89.71%.In all,2,426 patients occupying 94.58% had spinal fracture and 1,513 patients occupying 58.99% were accompanied with other injuries.ASIA scale D was noted in 36.70% of the patients.Operations were performed in 1,921 patients （74.89%）,among which 36.49% （936/2 565） were noted with complications during hospitalization including respiratory disorders （30.7%,287/936）,hyponatremia （17.2%,161/936）,bedsore （15.4%,144/936）,urologic disorders （10.8%,101/936）,deep vein thrombosis （7.7%,72/936）,and others （18.3%,171/936）.Patients transferred to rehabilitation facilities after discharge accounted for 14.30% （338/2 365）.Conclusions SCI shows a rise trend,indicating that 40 or over age group showed be careful to prevent fall or traffic accidents.Respiratory complications as the common causes of death in SCI should be highlighted and early meical care should be provided.More SCI patients should start rehabilitation threapy.

关 键 词：脊髓损伤 流行病学 发病率 调查 

分 类 号：R651.2[医药卫生—外科学]