新疆欧洲李种质资源染色体核型分析  

Karyotype Analysis of Prunus domestica L.Germplasm Resources in Xinjiang

作　　者：孙琪[1] 廖康[1] 耿文娟[1] 曼苏尔.那斯尔 刘欢[1] 徐桂香[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学特色果树研究中心,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2015年第6期1153-1159,共7页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31160387);新疆维吾尔自治区果树重点学科基金

摘　　要：运用常规制片法,以5个新疆欧洲李类型种质资源为研究材料,对其染色体核型特征进行观察测量及数据分析。结果表明：（1）供试的5个欧洲李类型均为六倍体（2n=6x=48）,均含有不同数量的m和sm染色体,相对长度系数均包括L、M2、M1和s等4种类型。（2）5个欧洲李类型染色体的平均臂比范围为1.46~1.69,核型类型均属2B型,核型不对称系数范围为59.13%~62.34%。研究认为,新疆欧洲李核型特征具有种共性的同时,不同类型间也具有一定程度的差异,核型进化趋势总体由对称向不对称发展。在核型特征上,国外引进欧洲李品种与塔城槟子具有较近的亲缘关系,而塔城酸梅与野生欧洲李的亲缘关系较近。The karyotypes of 5 types of Xinjiang European plum were studied using traditional squash method.The results showed that：（1）the ploidy levels of tested materials were all hexaploid （2n=6x=48）.All tested materials contained different numbers of ‘m’ and ‘sm’ chromosomes.All tested materials contained L,M2,M1 and s in total 4 types of relative length index.（2）Arm ratio means of 5 types of European plum ranged from 1.46 to 1.69.Karyotype types of 5 European plum types were all ‘2B’.Asymmetrical karyotype coefficients of 5 types of European plum ranged from 59.13% to 62.34%.In summary,karyotype of European plum in Xinjiang had their common characteristics.There were some differences among different types of European plum in Xinjiang.The karyotype evolutionary trends of European plum in Xinjiang were changed from symmetric to asymmetric in general.On the karyotype characteristic,introduced European plum varieties and Tacheng Binzi had the nearly phylogenetic relationship.However,Tacheng Smoked plum and wild European plum had the nearly phylogenetic relationship.

关 键 词：新疆 欧洲李 染色体 核型分析 

分 类 号：Q343.22[生物学—遗传学]