不同增温方式下芦苇植硅体数量变化特征的对比分析  

THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE VARIATION CHARACTERISTICS OF PHYTOLITHS IN PHRAGMITES COMMUNIS UNDER DIFFERENT WARMING TREATMENTS

作　　者：刘洪妍[1,2,3] 介冬梅[1,2,3] 刘利丹[1,2,3] 高卓[1,2,3] 高桂在 石连旋[3] 郭继勋[3] 乔志和[4] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学地理科学学院,长春130024 [2]国家环境保护湿地生态与植被恢复重点实验室,长春130024 [3]东北师范大学草地研究所,植被生态科学教育部重点实验室,长春130024 [4]大庆师范学院,大庆163000

出　　处：《第四纪研究》2015年第4期977-987,共11页Quaternary Sciences

基　　金：国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项项目（批准号：201109067）和国家自然科学基金项目（批准号：40971116,41471164,31270366和31170303）共同资助

摘　　要：由于未来全球变暖的情况仍可能持续,了解陆地生态系统对温度升高的响应对研究全球变化具有重要的参考价值.本文利用开顶式气室（Open Top Chamber,简称OTC）和红外线辐射器（Infrared Radiator,简称IR）对位于松嫩草原西南部吉林省长岭县腰井子村种马场境内的芦苇（Phragmites communis）群落进行模拟温度升高处理,研究增温对芦苇植硅体数量的影响.OTC增温方式设置两种不同的规格,分别用OTC-Ⅰ和OTC-Ⅱ表示,即本文利用OTC-Ⅰ、OTC-Ⅱ和IR这3种不同的增温方式来模拟温度升高,每种增温方式均设置了3个不同温度梯度的增温处理和1个对照处理,以期更详细的研究芦苇中植硅体数量与温度因子之间的动态关系.实验发现,3种不同增温方式对芦苇鞍型植硅体和芦苇硅化气孔的影响一致,即增温后芦苇鞍型植硅体的数量增加、芦苇硅化气孔的数量有所减少;在3种不同增温方式的影响下,芦苇尖型植硅体对增温的响应存在差异,在OTC（OTC-Ⅰ、OTC-Ⅱ）增温方式下,增温后芦苇尖型植硅体的数量减少,但在IR增温方式下,增温后芦苇尖型植硅体的数量增加.通过对比不同增温方式下芦苇植硅体数量变化特征的异同,有利于得出比较全面和令人信服的结论,同时为今后广大学者根据实际情况选择适宜的增温装置提供参考.As warming continues, it is necessary to know how to response of the terrestrial ecosystems on warming. In this paper, the study site is located at the Grassland Ecosystem Experimental Station （44°30′-44°45′N, 123°31′～ 123°56′E） of the Northeast Normal University in Changling County in the Songnen Grassland, China. We use Open Top Chamber （OTC） （There are two types for the OTC warming facilities, represented by OTC-Ⅰ and OTC-Ⅱ , respectively） and Infrared Radiator （IR） to simulate warming on Phragmites communis in the Songnen Grassland. And there are three warming treatments and a control for OTC-Ⅰ , OTC-Ⅱ and IR, respectively to study the percentage change of phytoliths in P. communis with warming. A series of data logger （Watch Dog 2000 Series Micro Station, Spectrum Technologies, Inc., USA） is installed in every plot about 0.5m above ground to record the air relative humidity and temperature every 30.00 minutes. Samples for this study are collected in the middle of each month from June to October in 2012. For each treatment, we collecte one sample in the middle of each month. As there are altogether four treatments for OTC-Ⅰ , OTC-Ⅱ and IR, that is to say, there are twelve samples in each month. At last, 60 samples are collected in total. 60622 phytoliths in P. communis leaves are identified and counted in this paper. The major phytolith morphotypes include saddle phytolith, lanceolate phytolith, rondel phytolith, elongate phytolith, bulliform phytolith and silicified stomata. As saddle phytolith, lanceolate phytolith and silicified stomata more than 90% of the total phytolith, the responses of these phytoliths to warming are studied, respectively. The results show that warming changes the ratio of different type of phytoliths. Under the warming conditions of OTC-Ⅰ , OTC-Ⅱ and IR, warming increases the percentages of saddle phytolith, and decreases the percentages of silicified stomata. However, the changes of lanceolate phytolith percentages among OTC-Ⅰ

关 键 词：增温方式 芦苇 植硅体 数量 

分 类 号：K903[历史地理—人文地理学]