泌尿生殖道支原体感染特点及耐药趋势  

Characteristics and trend of drug resistance of Mycoplasma infections in urogenital tract

作　　者：张树永[1] 刘振红[2] 庞君丽[1] 王欢[1] 贾天野[1] 张成龙[1] 张鞠玲[1] 崔恩博[1] 曲芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第三〇二医院临床检验中心,北京100039 [2]解放军第三〇二医院临床输血中心,北京100039

出　　处：《传染病信息》2015年第3期152-154,159,共4页Infectious Disease Information

基　　金：国家科技重大专项课题(2013ZX10004203001)

摘　　要：目的了解北京地区泌尿生殖道感染者的支原体感染特点和耐药发展趋势。方法收集2008—2010年和2012—2014年来我院就诊的泌尿生殖道感染者的分泌物,进行支原体培养和药物敏感性试验,并分析结果。结果共送检15 898例患者标本,检出支原体8069例(50.75%),女性分离率(62.87%)高于男性(42.42%)。支原体感染类型为单纯解脲脲原体感染(6010例,74.48%)、单纯人型支原体感染(247例,3.06%)和二者混合感染(1812例,22.46%)。2012—2014年与2008—2010年比较,感染仍以单纯解脲脲原体为主,混合感染由20.01%上升到25.36%;大于40岁患者由15.94%上升到33.73%;性别比变为男性占优势。不同类型支原体感染的耐药性有差别,解脲脲原体对氟喹诺酮类抗生素敏感率均<40%;人型支原体对红霉素类抗生素敏感率均<15%;混合感染型对红霉素类及氟喹诺酮类抗生素敏感率均<10%。结论支原体感染的特点及耐药性在变化,应加强动态监测,指导临床合理应用抗生素。Objective To investigate the characteristics and trend of drug resistance of Mycoplasma infections in urogenital tract in Beijing. Methods The secretions of patients with Mycoplasma infections in urogenital tract treated in our hospital from 2008 to2010 and from 2012 to 2014 were collected. Mycoplasma culture and antibiotic susceptibility test were carried out, and the results were analyzed. Results Of the samples collected from 15 898 patients, those of 8069 patients（50.75%） were positive for Mycoplasma, and the positive rate in female patients（62.87%） was higher than that in male patients（42.42%）. There were 3 types of Mycoplasma infec-tions, including Ureaplasma urealyticum infection（6010 patients, 74.48%）, Mycoplasma hominis infection（247 patients, 3.06%） and mixed infections with both Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis（1812 patients, 22.46%）. Ureaplasma urealyticum infection accounted for the majority both from 2008 to 2010 and from 2012 to 2014, and the mixed infection rate increased, which was 20.01%between 2008-2010, and 25.36% between 2012-2014. The proportion of patients older than 40 years old increased, which was 15.94%between 2008-2010, and 33.73% between 2012-2014. Male patients accounted for a higher proportion than female patients. Different types of Mycoplasma showed different drug resistance： the sensitivity rates of Ureaplasma urealyticum to fluoroquinolones were less than40%, those of Mycoplasma hominis to erythromycins were less than 15%, and those of both Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis to fluoroquinolones and erythromycins were less than 10%. Conclusions The characteristics and trend of drug resistance of Mycoplasma infection in urogenital tract are changing, so dynamic monitoring should be strengthened, so as to guide rational use of antibiotics.

关 键 词：生殖道支原体 泌尿系统 解脲支原体 药物耐受性 

分 类 号：R375.9[医药卫生—病原生物学]