实时荧光PCR技术在预防性健康检查沙门菌与志贺菌检测中的应用  

Application of real-time fluorescence PCR for Salmonella and Shigella detection in preventive health examination

作　　者：陈棋炯[1] 丁水军[1] 孙永祥[1] 傅丹青[1] 张金芳[1] 葛小萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州市萧山区疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州311203

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2015年第12期1937-1940,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

摘　　要：目的将实时荧光PCR技术应用于食品及公共场所从业人员肛拭标本的沙门菌与志贺菌检测,评价其作为快速检测方法的适用性。方法采集肠道门诊粪便与肛拭标本分别利用实时荧光PCR法与传统培养法进行平行对照实验,验证实时荧光PCR法的灵敏度与特异度;然后将此法与列联表结合应用于从业人员肛拭标本的检测。结果 515份肠道门诊标本的检测结果表明,实时荧光PCR法阳性率高于培养法(P<0.05),沙门菌与志贺菌的灵敏度均为100.00%,特异度分别为98.98%、97.02%。检测2013年采集的从业人员肛拭标本21 590份,检出沙门菌18株,阳性率为0.83‰;未检出志贺菌。实时荧光PCR法检出率高于2014年同期传统培养法检出率。结论实时荧光PCR技术有助于提升预防性健康检查中沙门菌与志贺菌的检出率,而且特异度强、灵敏度高,兼具时效性与客观性,适合基层实验室对从业人员进行沙门菌与志贺菌的快速筛查。Objective To evaluate and analyze the feasibility of rapid screening method in detecting Salmonella and Shigella from anal swab specimens of employees in food and public service by real- time fluorescence PCR. Methods To sample feces and anal swab specimens from intestinal tract clinic,respectively using the real- time fluorescence PCR method and the traditional culture method to detect for parallel control,in order to verify specificity and sensitivity of the real- time fluorescence PCR method,and then this method was combined with contingency table for the applying to detect anal swab specimens of employees. Results Detection of 515 intestinal tract clinic specimens results indicated that the positive rate of real- time fluorescence PCR method was higher than that of isolated culture method（ P 0. 05）. The sensitivity of both Salmonella and Shigella were 100. 00%,and the specificity was 98. 98%,97. 02%,respectively. The 21 590 employees specimens were detected positive for Salmonella with a positive rate of 0. 83‰,and 0 positive case of Shigella were detected in 2013. The positive rate of real- time fluorescence PCR method was higher than that of the isolated culture method at the same period in 2014. Conclusion Real- time fluorescence PCR could improve the detection rate of preventive health examination for Salmonella and Shigella,which is of strong specificity and high sensitivity,effectiveness and objectivity,is more suitable for rapid screening Salmonella and Shigella of employees in basic clinical laboratory.

关 键 词：实时荧光PCR技术 快速筛查 沙门菌 志贺菌 

分 类 号：R378.2[医药卫生—病原生物学]