两铸造企业职业人群职业紧张现状及其相关分析  

Present situation of occupational stress and its correlation among production laborer in two foundry enterprises

作　　者：丁士旵[1] 胡志平[1] 吴成峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]铜陵市疾病预防控制中心,安徽铜陵244000

出　　处：《安徽预防医学杂志》2015年第3期181-184,共4页Anhui Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解铸造技术工人职业紧张状况及其影响因素。方法整群抽取某国营企和私营铸造企业员工,采取自行设计的一般人口学问卷和职业紧张目录问卷(OSI-R)进行问卷调查。结果职业任务、紧张反应、应对资源得分分别为151.06±23.76、123.95±19.51、123.95±19.51,低于技术工人常模和西南地区职业人群常模;职业任务高度、中度、适度及缺乏职业紧张者分别占0.56%、6.07%、60.67%和32.70%;高度、中度、适度和缺乏紧张反应者分别占3.24%、8.72%、66.82%和21.23%;高度、中度、适度缺乏和很强应对资源者分别占5.1%、16.65%、66.25%和12.00%。个体紧张反应基本与职业任务成正相关,与个体应对资源成负相关。结论铸造业人群职业紧张水平不高,但缺乏应对资源能力较强,建议企业应从减轻职业任务,改善工作环境,加强健康教育,丰富职工业余文化生活,有效缓解工人职业紧张,提高应对能力。Objective To find out the state of occupational stress and its influencing factors among skilled casting workers. Methods The total of 985 skilled casting workers who were randomly sampled from a state- owned enterprise and a private enterprise were surveyed by a self- designed demographic questionnaire and a directory of occupational stress questionnaire（ OSI- R）. Results The score of occupational tasks,stress reactions and coping resources were 151. 06 ± 23. 76,123. 95 ± 19. 51,123. 95 ± 19. 51,which were lower than the norm for skilled workers and occupational groups in southwest.Occupational tasks at level of height,moderate,appropriate and lack of occupational stress respectively accounted for 0.56%,6. 07%,60. 67% and 32. 70%. High,moderate,appropriate and lack of stress responders accounted for 3. 24%,8. 72%,66. 82% and 21. 23%. High,moderate,appropriate lack and strong response to the resources accounted for 5.1%,16. 65%,66. 25% and 12. 00 %. Individual stress response was basically positively correlated with the task of a professional but was negatively with coping resources. Conclusion Occupational stress level of skilled casting workers was not high,but the ability to responding to the lake of resources was serious. We recommend that companies should reduce the occupational tasks,improve the working environment,strengthen health education and enrich the cultural life of workers to effectively alleviate occupational stress and improve response capabilities.

关 键 词：职业紧张量表 职业卫生 职业紧张 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]