实际生活污水快速培养好氧颗粒污泥的方法研究  

Research of Quick Cultivation of Aerobic Granular Sludge with Domestic Sewage

作　　者：杜春娟[1] 梁红[1] 高大文[1,2] 刘畅[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学环境科学系,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《环境保护科学》2015年第3期88-92,共5页Environmental Protection Science

摘　　要：采用序批式活性污泥法(Sequencing Batch Reactor,SBR),通过接种絮状污泥研究逐级改变进水组成(配水与实际生活污水的比例)实现好氧颗粒污泥快速培养,同时考查了好氧颗粒污泥培养过程中颗粒污泥的物理性质及对污染物的去除效果。结果表明:在好氧颗粒污泥培养初期通过添加营养物质并逐渐增加实际生活污水的比例可以实现好氧颗粒污泥的快速培养,与完全用配水培养的好氧颗粒污泥基本相似,且培养出的好氧颗粒污泥结构密实,湿密度为1.046 g/cm3,比重为1.025,平均沉降速度为38.67 m/h,粒径在1 mm左右,颜色为黄褐色;同时培养的颗粒污泥对污染物有较好的处理效果,COD、NH+4-N的去除率分别高达85%、90%。培养初期在实际生活污水中通过添加营养物质能够诱导好氧颗粒污泥形成,实现好氧颗粒污泥的快速培养。In this research, sequencing batch reactor（SBR） process is used to quickly cultivate aerobic granular sludge by inoculating floc sludge to gradually change the influent composition （the ratio of allocated water and actual domestic sewage）. Simultaneously, physical properties of the granular sludge and removal efficiency of the pollutants during the cultivation period are examined. The results show that at the initial stage of cultivation, addition of nutrients and gradual increase of the proportion of actual domestic sewage can quickly cultivate aerobic granular sludge which is basically similar to that developed fully with allocated water. The cultivated aerobic granular sludge is compact in structure and in tawny color, with wet density of 1.046 g/cm3, specific gravity of 1.025, average sedimentation velocity of 38.67 m/h and particle size of about 1 mm. Moreover, the cultivated granular sludge has good pollutant treatment effects and its removal rate of COD and NH -N reaches to 85% and 90% respectively. In the early period of cultivation, addition4 of nutrients into the actual domestic sewage can induce the formation of aerobic granular sludge so as to realize quick cultivation.

关 键 词：SBR反应器 活性污泥 好氧颗粒污泥 城市生活污水 快速培养 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]